【作者】 万晶晶；

【导师】 周宗奎；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 基础心理学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 进入青春期后，友谊关系成为青少年社会化的一条重要途径。另一方面，同伴关系间的攻击行为形成的原因、过程及后果一直是研究者们关注的问题。本研究旨在探索初中儿童友谊关系的发展及其与攻击行为之间的联系。 本研究运用社会测量提名法，问卷法，使用修订的友谊质量问卷和“班级戏剧”问卷，以武汉市两所普通中学的586名初中生为被试进行了施测。将所有个体以互选的标准转化为友伴，得到了1484对互选友谊和130对首互选友谊。通过对最(最不)喜欢的班级内同伴提名、好朋友提名、互选友谊质量评定、社会行为提名，从关系水平上得到了的友伴对的社会测量提名得分、互选友伴数得分、友谊质量各维度得分以及社会行为提名各维度得分。 通过探索性因素分析、相关分析、方差分析、多元回归等统计方法对所收集的数据进行分析，从关系层面上研究了友谊关系各变量的发展状况，以及这些友谊变量对两类攻击行为的预测能力，结果发现： 1．初中生友谊的性别差异显著，异性友谊的互选友伴数得分和受欢迎程度都比同性别友谊高。女孩友谊中的帮助陪伴、亲密交流、信任尊重等友谊特性多于男孩友谊，而冲突背叛少于男孩友谊。友伴受欢迎程度、互选友伴数的年级差异受到性别因素的影响。友谊质量在初中阶段没有年级差异。 2．两类攻击行为存在显著的性别差异，异性友谊和女孩友谊的关系攻击显著多于男孩友谊。男孩友谊的外部攻击多于异性友谊，异性友谊的外部攻击又多于女孩友谊。初中生友伴的攻击行为没有年级差异。 3．友谊社交地位与互选友伴数存在一致性，被群体高度接纳的友谊的互选友伴数多于一般接纳组，一般接纳组的互选友伴数又显著多于低接纳组。 4．不同社交地位组间的攻击行为差异显著：低接纳组的关系攻击多于一般接纳组和高接纳组，高接纳组的外部攻击多于一般接纳组，一般接纳组的外部攻击又多于低接纳组。高接纳组中，关系攻击显著多于外部攻击：低接纳组中，关系攻击显著少于外部攻击；一般组中，二者没有差异。 5．回归分析表明，友伴受欢迎程度能反向预测同性别友谊的两类攻击行为， fwegy硕士学位论文 w MASTER’S TllESIS 互选友伴数能正向预测同性别友谊的两类攻击行为。结果显示，同伴群体支持－ 儿童友谊中符合性别规范的攻击行为，反对不符合性别规范的攻击行为。研究 发现，能预测异性友谊中攻击行为的变量很少。异性友谊间的关系与同性友谊 间的关系有不同的特点。 6．受欢迎程度和友谊质量中的信任尊重维度能反向预测两类攻击行为，但 受欢迎程度的预测能力更强。友谊质量中，亲密交流和肯定价值分别是关系攻 击和外部攻击的积极预测源。更多还原

【Abstract】 After teenagers step into the period of adolescence, those friendship relations become a vital way to socialization. Also, researchers have long been focused on the causes, development and results of aggressive behaviors between peer relations. The present study aims at exploring the relationships between the development of adolescent friendship and aggressive behaviors during the early period of adolescence.With the method of sociometric nomination and questionnaire, we get 1484 mutual dyads and 130 first-mutual friends, as well as the scores of sociometric nomination, number of friendship nomination, friendship quality, and social behavior nomination of mutual friends for 586 students from two middle schools in Wuhan.The result shows: Firstly, the significant gender differences are found on all of the friendship relation variables of middle school children. The numbers of friendship and the scores of peer acceptance in the mix-gender friend group are higher than those of other gender groups, indicating that the children who had more opposite-sex friends were those popular children. Girl-girl friendship dyads hqye more help accompany, intimate communication, trust and respect, but have less conflict and betray than boy-boy friendship dyads. No significant grade difference of dyads’ friendship quality is found.Secondly, both relational aggressive behavior and overt aggressive behavior of middle school students have gender differences. Mix-sex and girl-girl friendship dyads get more scores of relational aggressive behavior than those of boy-boy friendship dyads. In addition, the scores of overt aggressive behavior in boy-boy friendship dyads is the highest.Thirdly, the social status of friendship dyads is consisted with their numbers of mutual friendship. According to the scores of numbers of mutual friendship, the high-acceptted dyads score higher than normao-acceptted dyads, and the nomal-acceptted dyads score higher than low-acceptted dyads.Fourthly, compared with two types of different aggressive behaviors among different social status, we find that the relational aggressive behaviors of low-acceptted friendship dyads are more than those of the other two social status dyads. As for the overt aggressive behavior, high-acceptted dyads score higher than normal-acceptted dyads, and the latter scores higher than low-acceptted dyads.Fifthly, regression analysis indicates the peer group support gender-normative aggression while reject gender-nonnormative aggression in adolescents’ friendship.Lastly, the popularity and trust respect of friendship quality can versus predict two aggressive behaviors. Furthermore, the predictive ability of the former is higher than that of the latter. Among all of friendship quality factors, intimate communication and affirming value can positively predict relational aggressive behavior and overt aggressive behavior separately.更多还原