【作者】 曾荣；

【导师】 张爱卿；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 基础心理学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 攻击行为是日常生活中常见的一种社会现象，近年来在心理学和社会科学领域中的研究日益增多。攻击行为存在不同的表现形式，但无论是何种形式，它都会带来伤害性的结果。因此，攻击行为研究领域中的一个重要的问题就是如何正确地寻找其内发原因以达到有效地预防和控制的目的。当前，大多数研究都只注重从社会、家庭和学校来探寻原因，而这些都只是攻击行为发生的表面原因而非深层原因。社会认知研究结果表明，若要使行为改变，根本在于认知和态度上的改变。因此，本研究试图从社会认知即归因的角度来研究攻击行为现象，以探讨其发生的深层原因。 本研究是在韦纳等人发展起来的责任归因理论的基础上，以武汉市的350名中学师生为研究对象，以研究者根据国内外研究进行自编的情境问卷作为研究工具，运用近年来采用较多的结构方程软件LISREL，调查并分析了中学师生在攻击行为上的原因知觉、情感反应及行为应对策略等一系列因果关系。研究结果表明：(1)自编问卷具有良好的信度和效度，调查结果稳定可靠。(2)中学师生对攻击行为的责任判断及行为应对策略上存在显著性差异，同时，教师在责任判断和行为应对策略上的平均分都明显高于学生；学生在同情因子上存在很显著的性别差异，男生分数明显高于女生；不同年级的学生在责任判断上表现出较显著的差异，高二年级学生得分明显比初二年级的得分高；在四种不同的情境下，师生总体在原因知觉、情感反应和行为应对策略等七个变量上都存在很显著的差异。(3)相关分析与回归分析的结果表明，意图归因、责任判断、期望水平以及生气对行为应对策略的解释率高，而稳定性和同情的情感反应不会直接影响到行为应对策略；除了同情因子之外，其余因子两两之间都存显著的正相关，而同情因子与其它因子都呈显著的负相关关系。(4)SEM研究结果表明，一般的归因理论模式可以用来解释攻击行为发生原因，这与国外的很多研究结果一致，但也存在其它的且可以更好地用来解释攻击行为之所以发生的归因模式。研究结果证明了在用韦纳的责任归因理论来解释不同的社会行J＼硕士学住论文V吭》岁 AIASTEP＼’S T IE狠为时，存在不同的特殊模式，同时也进一步证明了责任归因理论存在文化上的差异。（5）验证性因素分析结果表明，原因知觉、情感反应、责任判断以及期望水平是行为应对策略的重要预测源，责任判断受到情感反应的直接影响，希望水平不仅受制于稳定性的归因，而且同时还受到生气和责任判断的影响，行为应对策略的选择决定于生气的情感反应、责任判断以及期望水平的大小。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aggressive Behavior is one kind of common social behavior in our daily life. A great progress had been made in psychology and sociology recently years. At present, most studies merely concerns on social, family and school reasons. Which are only the superficial but not the deep-seated causes. Social cognitive researches show that behavior changing is determined by the changes of cognition and attitude. Accordingly, this essay tries to study aggressive behavior from social cognition, that is attributive aspects, to probe into the deep-seated causes.This research is based on Weiner’s reactive attribution theory. There are 350 subjects in this research sampled from middle school in Wuhan city. The study tool is a questionnaire compiled by us, and it is derived from national and international researches. We investigate and analyze the difference between students and teachers on causal attribution, affective response and reactive strategy after aggressive behavior. At the same time, we use LISREL software which is prevail theses years to probe into the causality among of these variables. The results show that: (1) There are better reliability and validity on the questionnaire. (2) There is distinct difference between students and teachers on reactive judgment and reactive strategy. The average of teachers are higher obviously than students’; Students put up distinct sexual difference on sympathy variable, and males’ score is higher than females’; The students also put up distinct grade difference on reactive judgment variable. Senior high school is higher than middle school; The factor of situation shows that very distinct main effect on every dependent variables. (3) Regression analysis shows that the choice of the reactive strategy is determined by intentional attribution, reactive judgment, expectation and angry but not the stability and sympathy; There is distinct negative correlation between sympathy and others variables. Except sympathy variable, there is positive correlation among the others variables. (4) Attribution theory concerns the affective and behavioral consequencesthat result from the perceived causes of events. This essay argues that a more comprehensive understanding of the processes underlying human response to aggressive events results from the integration of intentional, stable attribution, and attribution theory under different cultural nations. (5) This research was chosen to explore the increase in understanding that results from conceptualizing human responses to aggressive events as a combined function of causal attribution. This essay is a discussion of these concepts individually and a description of how features of each combine to explain perception of responsibility, affective response, and reactive strategy regarding aggressive behavior.更多还原