【作者】 高欣；

【导师】 阮晓钢；

【作者基本信息】 北京工业大学 ， 模式识别与智能系统， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文基于人工智能的思想和方法研究机器围棋博弈问题，根据专家系统的体系结构来构造计算机围棋博弈系统。系统以知识库、推理机为核心，并且使用面向对象的思想来进行知识表达和推理设计，同时在推理机的构造过程中改进了推理的方法。论文的主要研究成果如下： ①论文提出了基于专家系统设计思想的计算机围棋博弈系统结构，知识库和推理机是该系统的核心部件。这样的设计思路不同于现有围棋程序中把问题求解的知识隐含地编在程序中的方法，而是将围棋领域内的知识单独分开组成一个知识库的实体，便于知识的完善和修改，使系统具有良好的扩充性和维护性。 ②使用了面向对象的知识表达方法，将多种单一的知识表示方法(规则、框架等)按照面向对象的程序设计原则组成一种混合知识表达形式，在面向对象的知识库中，将问题求解中涉及的概念、实体等作为对象，并以框架形式表示，这样的结构易于知识的存储，也有利于推理的实现。 ③根据围棋博弈问题的特殊性，知识库按照不同的功能被分为围棋规则和术语系统、定式库和模式库、死活库和动态知识库等几部分，问题的求解由推理机根据推理的不同阶段调用知识库中相应的部分来进行。这样的知识库结构便于围棋博弈知识的归类和推理的进行。 ④论文把极大极小算法应用于围棋博弈问题，并且按照棋手计算死活的思路，在极大极小算法中加入了有关围棋博弈的启发式信息，形成了推理机中主要的围棋博弈推理方法，提高了搜索的效率。在推理机的推理过程中，采用一种自上而下的过程，为产生候选棋步提供了一种启发式的信息，减少了走棋的盲目性和搜索空间，有助于提高计算的速度，这对于程序适应有时限的比赛，缩短对手的等待时间，是有意义的。 ⑤论文采用面向对象的程序设计语言C++Builder来实现围棋博弈系统，实现了存记录、取记录、新局、设置、回手、弃权、显示势力等功能，建立了一个有一定棋力的围棋博弈对弈系统，可以进行人—人、人—机、机—机的围棋博弈实战。 北京工业大学工学硕士学位论文 用专家系统构造的围棋博奕系统层次分明，结构清晰，易于知识的扩充和 修改以及系统的整体维护，同时也强调了整个系统的理论性、数学化和发展的 潜力，是对计算机围棋博奕系统设计思路的一个有益尝试。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper studies the problem of computer Go based on the idea and method of artificial intelligence, building computer Go system according to expert system structure. The system is based on Knowledge Base and Decision Maker and its knowledge representation and design of inference use the object-oriented idea, meanwhile, it improves the method of inference in the processing of building inference machine. The main achievements of the paper are as follows:1. The paper proposes computer Go system structure based on expert system design whose core parts are knowledge base and inference machine. Such designing idea is different from the way knowledge of problem solving is implied in the program in the existing program of the game of Go, but it separate the knowledge of go field to consist of the entity of repository separately. By doing this it is convenient for the improvement and modification of knowledge and will make the system easy to expand and maintain.2. The paper uses the Object-Oriented method of knowledge representation, making manifold simplex knowledge representation such as rule and frame constitute one hybrid knowledge representation form according to the Object-Oriented program design principle. In the Object-Oriented repository, the concept and entity involved in problem solving are considered as objects and expressed in the form of the framework. Such a structure is good for knowledge storage and inference realization.3. According to the particularity of computer Go, repository is divided into several parts such as I-go rule and term systenu joseki library and pattern library, life and death library and dynamic repository. Inference machine solves problems by calling thecorresponding part of repository according to the distinctive phases of inference. The structure of repository is convenient for classifying knowledge of computer Go and carrying on inference.4. The paper applies the minimax algorithm to the problem of computer Go and adds the heuristic information about computer Go to the minimax algorithm, therefore, it forms the main inference method of computer Go in inference machine and improves the search efficiency. In the inference processing, the paper employs from-top-to-bottom method to provide the heuristic information for producing alternate step , and it reduce the blindness and search space of playing Go Game and is helpful for raising the speed of computation. It can adapt programs to time-restricted games and shorten waiting time of the opponent.5. The paper uses Object-Oriented programming language C++Builder to carry out the system of computer Go. It has the functions such as record storage^ record extraction new garr^ setting^ undo^ renunciation and show force. It also build up a computer Go system owning some level. So the system can be put into practice to the real competition of computer Go of human-to-humam human-to-machine and machine-to-machine.The computer Go system structure builded by expert system has a clear structure. It is convenient for knowledge expanding and modifying and the whole system maintaining. It emphasizes the system theoretics and the developing potency and it is a beneficial attempt for designingcomputer Go.更多还原