香子兰化学成分及超临界CO₂提取工艺研究

【作者】 周家容；

【导师】 张（火昆）；

【作者基本信息】 广东工业大学 ， 应用化学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 香子兰为兰科名贵香料植物，香兰素是其最主要的香味成分，在食品工业、农业、医药和精细化工领域有着广泛的应用。本论文研究用超临界CO2萃取技术提取香子兰精油和香兰素提取工艺，并研究了夹带剂对提取物及提取率的影响。 论文共分4部分。第一部分综述了香子兰的研究进展，简介了超临界CO2流体萃取技术。对香子兰历史及种植、加工(生香)工艺、有效成分及其浸提方法、香兰素的合成、萃取分离方法、应用等方面进行了综述，介绍了超临界CO2流体特性及萃取技术的应用。第二部分用超临界CO2萃取技术提取香子兰精油，鉴定了其中20个化合物，香兰素相对含量为63.20％。其余相对含量≥1％的主要成分依次是香兰酸、邻苯二甲酸乙丁酯、对羟基苯甲醛。第三部分研究了利用超临界CO2萃取技术从香子兰豆荚中萃取香兰素的工艺条件，得到的结论为在萃取温度为45℃、压力为3.00×10~4KPa、连续萃取140分钟，可使96.3％的香兰素从香兰草豆荚中萃取出来。第四部分研究了极性夹带剂乙醇、水、丙酮对香子兰提取物香味及香兰素提取率的影响，得到的结论是，水和乙醇能提高香兰素的提取率，丙酮则不能。加水及丙酮作夹带剂，提取物香味与天然提取物相近。夹带剂会改变提取物的颜色、风味和芳香性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Vanilla planifolia Andrews, belonging to Orchidaceae, is a famous and precious perfume plant. Vanillin is the most main gredient of sent of Vanilla planifolia, and has an extensive application in the areas of food industry, agriculture, medicine and refined chemical industry. The extracting techniques of essential oil of Vanilla planifolia and vanillin are studied by CC>2 SFE.There are 4 parts in this paper. In 1st part, the research proceeding on Vanilla planifolia such as the history, planting, processing techniques, effective gredients, and the extracting methods, the synthesizing, extracting, separating methods and the application of vanillin are summarized, the characters of CO2 SF and applying are introduced. In 2nd part, the essential oil of Vanilla plainifolia is extracted by CC>2 SFE, and the 20 compounds are identified, the relative content of vanillin is at 63.20%. In 3rd part, the conditions of vanillin extracting from pods of Vanilla planifolia by CC>2 SFE are studied, the results are indicated that, the excellent extracting temperature is at 45 癈, the excellent pressure is at 3.00*104KPa, and successive extracting for 140 minutes in above conditions, then, the 96.3% of vanillin can be extracted from pods of Vanilla planifolia. In fourth part, the influence of the entrainer such as ethanol, water and acetone on the extracting rate of vanillin is studied, it is indicated that, the extacting rate can be increased by water and ethanol, but by acetone.更多还原