高速机床直线电机进给系统的模糊推理自校正控制

【作者】 夏红梅；

【导师】 张伯霖；

【作者基本信息】 广东工业大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 超高速加工技术不仅能减少切削时间，提高切削效率，同时还能提高加工精度和表面质量。在模具制造中，相对于传统的电加工方式，超高速加工不仅提高了模具加工速度和加工的表面质量，还进一步简化了加工工序。近几年来超高速加工的各项相关技术，如高速刀具材料、高速土轴、高速进给系统等都得到迅速发展，高速加工的应用范围也在不断的扩大，目前已广泛应用于航空工业、汽车制造工业、模具加工工业等领域。 高速进给系统是高速加工机床的关键技术之一。传统的滚珠丝杠传动方式有弹性变形大、响应速度慢、存在反向间隙、摩擦磨损等问题，难以达到更高的速度和加(减)速度。近年来新兴的一种并联机构进给系统，由于存在数控编程复杂、操作不直观和加工精度目前还不高等问题，还在进一步研究和发展之中。直线电机直接驱动进给系统具有速度、加(减)速度高、定位精度高等一系列突出的优点，有望成为21世纪高速加工机床的基本驱动方式。 本文以我校“GD-3型直线电机进给单元”为研究对象，以提高直线电机伺服控制系统的伺服精度和抗干扰能力为目标，采用理论分析和实验相结合的研究方法。论文首先建立了直线电机进给系统的数学模型，通过MATLAB仿真，研究了主要控制参数对系统动态特性的影响，并从理论上分析了影响系统稳定性的主要因素。通过实验，验证了仿真和稳定性分析的结论，找出了影响伺服系统动态特性和稳定性主要因素。通过理论分析，结合目前国内外的研究现状，确定了进一步提高系统性能的控制策略——直线电柳进给系统的模糊推理自校正控制。按照模糊控制理论，设计出模糊控制器。最后分析了模糊控制器的稳定性，并对模糊控制器的控制效果进行仿真分析，验证模糊控制器能否达到最初的设计目的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ultra-high speed cutting technology not only reduces the cutting time and enhances the cutting efficiency, but also improves the machining accuracy and surface quality. Compared with the traditional electric discharge machining (EDM) in die manufacturing, it also further simplifies the working procedures. Recently its correlative technologies, such as high-speed cutting tool material, high-speed spindle and high-speed feed system developed rapidly. Its application range extends widely and widely. It has been applied in many fields, such as aviation industry, automobile industry, die manufacturing and so on.High-speed feed system is one of the key technologies for high-speed machine tools. Having the large elastic deformation, slow response speed, reverse clearance and friction wear, the ball screw as a traditional feed system, is difficult to reach the high speed and high acceleration. A new type of the feed system driven by parallel mechanism appeared. But it still need to be researched and developed for its disadvantages of complicated CNC programming, inconvenient operation and low machining accuracy. Because of its outstanding characteristics of high speed, high acceleration, high position accuracy and so on, the direct drive feed system driven by linear motor is hopeful to be a basic type of feed drive system of high speed machine tool in 2 P1 century.In order to enhance the servo precision and anti-jamming ability, the dissertation takes the ’’GD-3 Feed Unit driven by linear motor" as research object, and incorporate theory analysis with experiments. At first, the mathematical model of feed system is proposed. Through simulation by software named MATLAB, the influences of servo control parameters on system dynamic performance are studied. Main factors that affect system stability are analyzed theoretically. By experiments, the simulation and theoretical conclusions are verified. And the main factors that affect the dynamic and stable performances of servo system are found out. A new kind of the control strategy?fuzzy-reasoning self-adjust control, which further improves the system performances. are determined by the theory comparison and researches at home and abroad. According to the fuzzy control theory, the fuzzy controller is designed. Its stability is analyzed and control effect is simulated to verify its design target.更多还原