【作者】 王沛；

【导师】 霍松林；

【作者基本信息】 陕西师范大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 李清照是宋代以婉约著称的女词人，但从她诗、词、文的创作中我们却看到她的个性心理是具有复杂性的，柔婉之中又不乏阳刚之气。本文主要探讨这种复杂性的成因、具体表现、与同代女词人朱淑真的不同，以及对女性文学的启示。全文共分四部分： 第一章 从李清照所处的社会时代特征、家庭生活背景、齐鲁文化这三个方面分析她复杂个性的成因：宋代兴盛的理学，纳妾制度、狎妓之风，对女性不公正的刑法，尤其是民族灾难、社会动乱，以上四点是形成李清照复杂个性的社会因素。其父李格非在文风、人品方面的特点和其夫赵明诚与她之间的情感是影响她个性心理的主要家庭因素。齐鲁文化中儒家积极进取的精神，人民真率、大胆、好强的个性都深刻影响着李清照的心理形成。 第二章 论述李清照复杂个性心理的具体表现。首先是她个性开朗、豪放的一面，这主要从以下四点中表现出来：其一是她少女时代的青春活力；其二是她大胆炽热的爱情告白；其三是咏花词表现出其超卓的人格，饮酒词表现其率性洒脱：其四是她在创作方面“压倒须眉”。她个性心理的另一面是多愁善感，这从以下两点表现出来：其一是感情的失落、生活范围的狭小；其二是家国之痛。 第三章 论述李清照与朱淑真在个性心理方面的异同：相同之处在于她们同处在宋代理学兴盛的年代，她们都受到封建社会的压制。她们都出身于官宦家庭，能够自小受到良好的文化熏陶。但她们也是有很大的不同，首先，她俩的婚姻状况不同：李清照拥有一段美满幸福的婚姻生活，这使她个性中柔婉的一面更为突出。而朱淑真却所嫁非人，她的婚姻没有幸福可言，她的心理更多怨愤的一面。其次，李清照的家世比朱淑真显赫，因此她就比较矜持含蓄，而朱淑真就比她更“无顾籍”一些。第三，李清照亲身体验了国亡家破之痛，所以她的作品比朱淑真内蕴更为深广。 第四章首先简要叙述了以李清照为代表的女作家对中国文学的贡献。由于女 性在心理、情感方面比男子更丰富、细腻，而文学又是表现人的情感的，因此女 性在文学方面必然有其独到之处。然而在整个中国文学史上，女性文学却不能与 男性相抗衡，文中简要分析了它的社会原因以及给予我们今天的启示。 综上所述，李清照具有复杂的个性心理，我们应全面地分析其形成的原因、 具体表现、以及与他人的不同，才能看到她的精神内质。更多还原

【Abstract】 Li Qing Zhao was a poetess who was famous for tactfulness in Song Dynasty. But from her poems and articles, we can see that her personality and mentality was complicated. This article is mainly about the cause of it and the behavior of it and the difference with Zhu Shu Zhen and the enlightenment to woman literature and so on. It’s just the purpose to write this thesis, which consists of four Chapters.The first Chapter argues the course of Li Qing Zhao’s personality from the feature of the society and the family’s back groud and the literature of Qi Lu which she was in. A Confucian school of idealist philosophy of the Song Dynasty and the system of accepting several wives and unfair laws to women and social upheaval were the social factors. The family factors were the influence of her father and her husband. Both the active spirit and the Sincere personality of Qi Lu literature influenced her mentality deeply.The second chapter analyses her behavior. On one hand, she was optimistic. It firstly showed that she were brimming with youthful vigor. Secondly she showed her love boldly. Thirdly, she showed her outstanding characters and an easy and unaffected manner. Fourthly, she overtook the man in writing. On the other hand, she was sensitive. Her feeling wasn’t satisfactory. Her life was limited. Her country and family were lost in the end.The third chapter discusses the difference between Li Qing Zhao and Zhu Shu Zhen and their similarity. They both lived in Song Dynasty in which women were depressed. They were both born in bureaucrat family and were educated well. But their marriage were different. Li Qing Zhao had a happy marriage in a long time. So she was gentler than Zhu Shu Zhen, who had a unhappy marriage. Li Qing Zhao’s family was more celebrated than Zhu Shu Zhen’s. So she was more reserved. Li Qing Zhao had gone through the social upheaval. Her poems had more content than Zhu Shu Zhen’s.The fourth chapter recounts women’s contribution to Chinese literature. At thesame time, women’s literature can’t contrast to the man’s. This article analyses the cause of it and the enlightenment to nowadays.In a word, Li Qing Zhao had complicated personality and mentality. We should understand them all-round.更多还原