不同环境条件下工频电磁污染的空间分布研究

【作者】 仇丰；

【导师】 潘仲麟； 张邦俊；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 环境科学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 为全面和深入地了解工频电磁辐射的污染现状，本文从分析恒稳电磁场的科学特性出发，着重研究和探讨了当空间存在不同介质时，高压输电线产生的工频电磁场的空间分布规律和对环境的影响程度。为此，我们选择了四种具有代表性的区域作为研究地点，他们是：(1)空旷地带；(2)居民住宅区；(3)树林；(4)家庭居室。通过测量这些区域的工频电磁场场强，我们发现，在不同的区域中，由于受不同介质的影响，电磁场表现为不同的分布形态和大小。研究结果表明：(1)在空旷地带中，电磁场会受到地形和土地结构的影响；(2)建筑物会削减进入居民住宅区的工频电场，但对磁场没有影响；(3)植物对工频电场具有较大的削减作用，削减率为70％以上，对工频磁场的削减作用要小的多，为4.1％～25.6％；(4)建筑物墙体对工频电场的削减作用是非常强的，削减率达90％以上，但对磁场的影响却小的多。另外，我们还根据实际情况对工频电磁场场强的计算模型进行了修正和改进，增加了模型的实用性和精确性。这些工作为今后能更加深入地研究环境电磁辐射污染问题打下了坚实的基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 To understand the status of power-frequency electromagnetic radiation pollution thoroughly, we investigated the rule of spatial distribution of power-frequencyelectromagnetic fields produced by high-voltage transmissions, and the effect of power-frequency electromagnetic to environment. The research was based on analyzing the nature of steady electromagnetic fields when the different mediums exist in the electromagnetic fields. We selected four typical regions as the place in which we finished the research work. They are: (1) the unoccupied regions;(2) the residential areas;(3) the wood;(4) the house. By the measurement of the electromagnetic fields in these regions, we find that the field presents the different distribution state and magnitude. The result shows: (1) In the unoccupied regions, the terrain can influence the electromagnetic field;(2) the builds could significantly decrease the intension of electric fields, but have no effects on the magnetic fields;(3) Plant can weaken the electric fields obviously (The regression rate is 7O0/a), but do the little work on the magnetic fields (The regression rate is from 4.1% to 25.6%); (4) A typical house shields about 90% of electric fields from outside, but not greatly reduced the magnetic fields. In another way, we corrected the formulas for the electric and magnetic fields based on the fact. The calculation results show that the formulas are more applied and exact. All of these works establish the firm base for research the problem of the electromagnetic radiation pollution thoroughly.更多还原