古汉字字形讹变现象初探

【作者】 沙宗元；

【导师】 黄德宽；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 汉语言文字学， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以古汉字字形讹变现象为研究对象。在对古汉字各历史阶段讹变现象全面考察的基础上，划分讹变的基本类型，分析造成讹变的原因，阐明讹变与汉字发展演变一般规律间的关系，探讨研究讹变现象的实践意义，以获得对讹变现象较为全面深入的认识。全文共分六章。第一章，介绍讹变的概念和前人研究讹变现象的情况，说明研究讹变的原则、范围和目的。第二章，介绍讹变现象的主要类型。本章将讹变现象划分为有意讹变和无意讹变两大类，有意讹变包括变形声化和变形就义；无意讹变包括添加饰笔、笔划苟简、解散形体、合并形体和形近而讹五种类别。第三章，分别介绍了殷商、西周春秋、战国时期、秦汉之际字形讹变的主要类型和特点。第四章着重分析了造成字形讹变的直接诱因和内部的深层机制。第五章主要探讨字形讹变与简化、声化、规范化等汉字发展演变一般规律之间的关系。作者认为，看起来似乎纷繁混乱的讹变现象，其变化发展往往与汉字的简化、声化、规范化密切相关，讹变是以特殊的方式推动了汉字的发展演化。第六章，举例说明研究字形讹变对于古文字释读、典籍校勘和早期俗体字研究所起的积极作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, the author draws attention to a range of phenomena of wrong-variation of configuration of ancient Chinese characters. On the basis of the study of wrong-variation of every stage of ancient Chinese characters, the author analyses the fundamental sorts and the causes of wrong-variation, gives an account of the relation between the phenomena of wrong-variation and the general regulations of the development of Chinese characters, and explores the practical importance of the study of wrong-variation. This paper covers six chapters.In the first chapter, the author introduces the related conceptions and principles of study, and moreover, makes a clear exposition of the aim and range of the study. In the second chapter, the author divides wrong-variation into two sorts: intentional wrong-variation and intentionless wrong-variation. In the third chapter, main kinds and characteristics of wrong-variation are explored and summarized separately according to stage of time. In the forth chapter, the author analyses emphatically the direct causes and the deepgoing causes of wrong-variation. In the fifth chapter, the author illustrates the relation between wrong-variation and the general regulations, such as simplification, pronunciation and regularization, of .the development of ancient Chinese characters, and further, proves that wrong-variation promotes the development of Chinese characters in a special way. In the last chapter, it is illustrated by examples that the correct understanding of wrongvariation is of great importance to reading ancient Chinese characters and ancient classical books.更多还原