【作者】 郑毅；

【导师】 陈峰；

【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 ， 教育， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 元认知理论在国外非常火爆，在我国教育心理界也引起极大的兴趣。理论和实践证明，将具体认知策略与元认知策略相结合的思维训练模式更具优越性。本实验根据我国“3+X”理科综合的考试目标和认知心理学理论，提出高中学生解决理科综合题的过程，即其建模过程，分为建模准备、建模假设、模型建立三个阶段，及各阶段相应的认知策略。据此，编写了训练教程，将三个班随机安排为元认知策略训练班，认知策略训练班，常规教学班，开展了认知策略的训练，紧接着又采用元认知策略训练卡进行了元认知训练。实验结果表明结合学科知识，开展认知策略训练，可以提高学生解决中等难度题目的能力，尤其对中等学习能力的学生效果更明显。进行元认知训练，可以提高学生解决高难度题目的能力，对中学习能力和高学习能力的学生效果更明显。最后，理科综合测试表明，只有认知训练才能较好的迁移。并且还进一步研究发现高学习能力的学生最需要的是元认知策略；中等学习能力的学生元认知策略和认知策略都很需要；低学习能力的学生必须从基础知识抓起。更多还原

【Abstract】 The theory of metacognition is now being regarded as the ideal means of thinking in foreign countries. It has a great effect in the field of educational psychology in our country. It is verified theoretically and practically that the training model of combining the thinking strategy with metacogntion strategy are more superior. According to the objective of the ? +x science comprehensive problem, that is, the process of establishing model; and the corresponding thinking strategies. concerning each stage. The process is divided into three phases namely: 1)the preparation 2)the assumption 3)the establishment Therefore, the ftaining course is compiled.Students of three classes are arranged to receive respectively ,the metacognitive strategic training ;Thinking strategic training , and then normal training, then metacognitive strategic training with the training card . The result of the experiment indicates that it may help to increase students?ability solving problems of medium degree of difficulty to carry out the strategic training in combination with the knowledge concerning the subject. especially helpful to those medium level students. To carry out metaconition training may also be valuable to increase students?ability of solving complicated problems to both medium level students and excellents students. finally the science comprehensive test proves that only metacognition training can be better transferred. Besides, this research further explores that excellent students need metacognition strategy most; medium level students need both the metacognitive strategy and the thinking strategy; weak students must engage in grasping the rudimentary knowledge.更多还原