应用尿液中性甾体激素17β-E₂、P和T的代谢状况进行笼养川金丝猴（Rhinopithecus roxellana）生殖生理状态评估的研究

【作者】 陈超；

【导师】 李保国； 高云芳；

【作者基本信息】 西北大学 ， 动物学， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 濒危动物迁地保护是生物多样性保护的重要组成部分。川金丝猴（Rhinopithecus roxellanae）是我国特有的一级保护濒危物种。自1987年起，陕西省珍稀野生动物饲养抢救中心先后两次从野外（周至县和太白县）捕进金丝猴，第一批已相继死去，现仅剩下太白县群体。14年来尚未建立起稳定的人工繁殖种群，这与相关的理论研究匮乏不足以指导实践密切相关。本文采用非侵害性采样法和放射免疫分析技术，针对川金丝猴具有季节性生殖的繁殖特性、对不同时期尿液中性腺激素进行了比较研究，进而就有关川金丝猴的生殖生理状况进行评估，以期为今后笼养川金丝猴人工种群的稳定、发展提供理论依据。本次研究结果表明：1.川金丝猴的性甾体激素在不同时期的分泌水平具有较大的差异，呈现出与性行为学上相应的明显的季节性。在非生殖季节，雌性川金丝猴的雌二醇水平十分低下，因此在这一时期可能存在不排卵的生殖周期。同样，由于非繁殖季节雄性川金丝猴的T含量远低于生殖季节，相应的其生精能力、精液品质必然较低，其生理生态学表现则为繁殖力低下和性驱力弱。因此在非生殖季节虽然也存在交配，但是雌猴从不受孕与雄猴和雌猴在这一时期的低繁殖力相关。2.在激素分泌模式上，雄性川金丝猴无论在生殖季节还是非生殖季节其睾酮的分泌都呈现出不规则的波动性脉冲分布，规律性不强。在雌性川金丝猴的尿液中，雌激素和孕激素的分泌均呈现出周期性分布，在周期中有明显的17β-E2峰和峰后E2与P的水平相应升高的黄体期。本次研究以雌二醇最高峰之间的时间间隔定义为月经周期，但是在生殖季节的不同时期以及在生殖季节与非生殖季节之间，月经周期却不尽相同，离生殖季节的交配盛期越近，其月经周期越短（非生殖季节：41天；生殖季节末期：28天；生殖季节旺盛期：27天），雌激素的分泌水平越高（非生殖季节：8.157pg/mgCr；生殖季节末期：345.987 pg/mgCr；生殖季节旺盛期：587.901 pg/mgCr）。 生殖，是许多因素共同作用的复杂的生理过程，本文仅从性甾体激素的分泌<WP=5>水平上对其进行了评估和预测，不免存在偏颇之处，更为详细的理论研究有待进一步的工作。更多还原

【Abstract】 The ex situ conservation of endangerd animals is an important part of conservation of biodiversity. The Sichuan snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellanae) , listed in the First Category of State Key Protected Wildlif List, is the endangered species only existed in our country. Since 1987, the Center of breeding and Saving of rare wildlife in Shaanxi has captured the Sichuan snub-nosed monkey from the field for tow times (Zhouzhi County and Taibai County). But a stable reproductive population has not established yet during the 14 years, because references relevant to reproductive study of this species is not enough to guide prctice. At present, research on the Sichuan snub-nosed monkey has focussed predominantly on ecology，ethology，taxology，behavior and anatomy. Reproductive research on the Sichuan snub-nosed monkey so far has been limited to external observation of menstruation, pregnancy and sexual behavior. However, many inherent and deep questions concerning the reproductive physiology have no answers. Endocrine monitoring would enable a more direct assessment of reproductive physiological status. The study adopted a reliable approach to nonivasive reproductive assessment by monitoring the urinary estrodiol-17β，progesterone and testosterone.1.In the study, the levels of excretion of immunoreactive urinary 17β-E2，P and T during the different periods range widely and show seasonal variation which show <WP=7>a high correspondence with the observation of sexual behavior reported before. The mean of values of 17β-E2 during the follicular phase in the nonreprodutive season is 8.157pg/mgCr , and only 1/72 compared with the mean :587.902pg/mgCr in the reproductive season. The low values of 17β-E2 in the nonreprodutive season possibly suggests that female Sichuan snub-nosed monkey has a nonovulation reproductive cycle. At the same time, the male monkey only produce lower quality sperm and low sexual desire due to low values (0.576-2.359ng/mgCr) of T excreted in the nonreprodutive season.2.The result of the present study furthermore demonstrate that both P and17β-E2 are excreted in a cyclic pattern, with 17β-E2 rising early follicular phase levels to a preovulatory peak followed by a significant rise in P during the luteal phase. The measurement of 17β-E2 and P in urinary provides reliable information on both follicular development and corpus luteum function in the female Sichuan snub-nosed monkey . In the study，the interval between the two peak values of urinary 17β-E2 is defined to the length of menstruation. The length of the menstruation observed in the study shows marked variation from 27 to 41 days between the nonreprodutive season and reprodutive season. In the male, the pattern of excretion of urinary T shows irregular distribution throughout a year.更多还原