重庆复旦大学作家群的文学活动考略

【作者】 李本东；

【导师】 李怡；

【作者基本信息】 西南师范大学 ， 中国现当代文学， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 校园文学，尤其大学校园文学。是中国新文学的一个特殊的重要组成部分，在中国新文学发展史上有着不可抹杀的作用和特殊地位，值得中国新文学研究界注意。本文是对其中的一翼——重庆复旦大学作家群的文学活动的初步考察。 “重庆复旦大学”是中国现代著名高等学府之一、中国第一所私立大学复旦大学在抗日战争时期的一种特殊存在形态，在渝历时八年多。其间以校园为中心出现了以学生为主体，也包括部分教师在内的重庆复旦大学作家群。他们大多数以校内的文艺社团和一些非文艺社团为主要活动阵地，以文学为武器，积极参加争取中华民族解放的斗争。其中文艺社团主要有：文种社、诗垦地社、文学窗社，以及复旦剧社、青年剧社、大地剧社和复旦平剧社等。刊物辟有文艺园地的非文艺社团主要有：重庆复旦大学《文摘》社、新血轮社、中国学生导报社等。 复旦作家群为我们留下了为数不少的文学作品，包括诗歌、散文（杂文）、小说、戏剧等各种体裁，此外还有一大批译作和理论著作。鼓吹抗日，歌颂抗日人事，抒写对受难的家乡亲人的深切挂牵，表达对新生的渴慕，抨击现实的不合理与黑暗腐败，展示一己之战斗姿态和个人情感世界的“大我化”，所有这些当时重要的文学主题，在他们的作品中都有所体现。教师中以靳以的创作最丰，出版了《春草》《十年》《洪流》《众神》等中短篇小说集和长篇小说《前夕》。学生中成绩最显著的是诗垦地社的诗人们，包括一直被视为“七月派作家”的邹荻帆、绿原、冀汸、曾卓、化铁和因建国后辍笔而被诗坛长期遗忘的姚奔，以及1942年因病早逝的李满红等人。他们以其丰厚的创作奠定了复旦校园诗歌的文学史地位。文学窗社的牧云、石怀池、霞巴、曾岛、黄葵、拓拔山、黄桷，以及未曾参加过校内任何团体的王火等人，他们的创作也是复旦作家群文学活动的重要收获。 文章最后还对复旦作家群的文学活动的历史成因作了简要分析，并指出我们至少可以从以下方面认识这一作家群文学活动的历史意义：首先，复旦作家群的文学活动曾是中国40年代文学，尤其是抗战文学的重要组成部分，在一定程度上推动了抗战文学的发展，丰富了抗战文学的特质。其次，复旦作家群的文学活动是40年代中国校园文学中独特的一翼，有其不可替代的历史价值。再次，作为重庆复旦大学校园文化最重要的组成部分之一，复旦作家群的文学活动在推动当地社会文化发展上起过很大的作用。文章作者希望通过这一次考察，能抛砖引玉引起文学研究界同人对重庆复旦大学作家群文学活动的重视。更多还原

【Abstract】 Campus Literature, especially the Campus Literature of Universities, as a special part of consequence of Chinese new-vernacular literature, plays an important role in the phylogeny of Chinese new-vernacular literature. This dissertation makes a tentative and initial exploration of the literary activities of the writer group in Chongqing Fudan University. Chongqing Fudan University, existing for more than 8 years during the period of Anti-Japanese War, was a special stage in the development of Fudan University, the first private university and one of the eminent institutions of higher learning in China. In this very period, the Fudan writer group appeared with university students as their main body, including some teachers. With literature and art as their weapons and with intramural literary and artistic organizations as their fighting fronts, most of them took an active part in the struggle for Chinese people liberation. The literary ones were WenZhong Society, Anti-Japanese Literary Writing Society, Poetry Cultivating Land, the Literary Window Society, and Fudan Theatrical Troupe, Youth Theatrical Troupe, Mother Earth Theatrical Troupe and Fudan Beiping Opera Troupe, etc. Those of non-literary ones were Digest Society of Chongqing Fudan University, New Blood Wheel Society, Chinese Students?Guiding Newspaper Society and Fudan Journalism Learned Society, etc. The Fudan writer group created a lot of literary works respectively pertaining to the following styles such as poetry, prose (essay), fiction, drama etc, including some translations and theoretical works. All those important themes of that time were reflected in their works, such as advocating Anti-Japanese War, singing the praise of people and their deeds in their lives of Anti-Japanese Movement, expressing deep anxieties about suffering relatives, thirsting for a new life, attacking injustices and darkness and corruption, demonstrating his own fighting tendency and the public consciousness of individual emotional world. Among these teachers, Zhang Jinyi was the the most prolific writer. He published his novelette collections such as Spring Grass , Decade, Torrent, Thearchy and the novel The Eve. The poets of Poetry Cultivating Land Society were the most outstanding ones among the students. They are Zou Difan, Lu Yuan, .1 i Pang, Zeng Zhuo, Hua Tie, etc. who have been regarded as July School writers, and Yao Ben (vho, afler the founding of the PRC, gave up writing and had been forgotten in Parnassus for a long time), and Li Manhong (who died young of diseases in 1 942),etc. By right of their rich creations, they established a position in the history of the literature for Fudan campus poetry. Besides above writers, Mu Yun, Shi Huaichi, Xia Ba, Zeng Dao, Huang Kui, Tuoba Shan, Hung Jue and others from The Literary Window Society, and the creative works of those, who never took part in any campus societies such as Wang Huo etc. were also significant harvests of literary activities of the Fudan Writer Group. Finally, this dissertation will make a concise analysis of the historical causes of the formation of literary activities of the Fudan Writer Group. And it will also indicate, from at least the following aspects, that we can understand the historical implications of the literary activities of the Fudan Writer Group: At first, literary activities of the Fudan Writer Group are important components of the 40 literature of Chinese,especially of Anti-Japanese literature. To some extent, they pushed forward the progress of Anti-Japanese Literature and enriched its special nature. Secondly, the Fudan Writer Group literary activities formed a special branch having indelible his更多还原