【作者】 刘丽娟；

【导师】 葛剑平； 国庆喜；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 生态学， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究应用GIS技术，模拟分析了汤旺河流域的土地利用类型与地表水文状况。根据DEM数据，确定了汤旺河流域的地表水流方向、集水区的划分及水系网络空间分布特征。利用NOAA-AVHRR 1km分辨率的NDVI数据，采用无监督逐级聚类和极大似然判定等方法确定了流域的土地覆盖类型。对黑龙江省降水量和温度的多年平均值进行插值，确定年均降水量和年均气温的空间分布。以集水区为基本单位，建立了流域的地表属性空间信息库，研究各集水区的土地利用、地形地貌、气象特征及水文状况。并采用多元回归的方法，确定影响年径流深的主要因子。结果表明，降水量决定了年径流深，森林具有一定的调蓄径流的作用。同时还对汤旺河流域的生态环境进行了分析和评价，将整个流域划分为不同的生态区域。更多还原

【Abstract】 By means of GIS, land-use and hydrology were modeled and analyzed. On the base of the DEM, the spatial distribution of flow directions, watershed boundaries and stream networks of Tangwanghe Catchment were studied. And its land-use types were established by the unsupervised cluster and the maximum likelihood discrimination of NOAA-AVHRR NDVI with spatial resolution of 1km X 1km. With the support of Kriging, the spatial distribution of annual average precipitation and annual average temperature in Heilongjiang Province were simulated. Based on the watersheds, the spatial database of characters of the earth抯 surface was built and the relations between terrain, land-use, climate and hydrology were studied. Regression and partial correlation analysis were used to find the main factors of annual run-off. The result was: the annual average run-off was decided by the annual average precipitation and forest could regulate the annual average run-off. According to the analysis and assessment of the ecological environment of Tangwanghe Catchment, the ecotopes were classified.更多还原