【作者】 王国志；

【导师】 李佑文；

【作者基本信息】 苏州大学 ， 运动人体科学， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 体质是人体的质量，它是在遗传性、获得性基础上表现出来的人体的形态结构、生理功能、心理因素的综合的、相对稳定的特征。随着社会的发展，经济生活水平的提高，人们对体质也越来越重视，所以体质研究也就成为一些专家研究的主题。在我国，虽然对体质方面的问题进行了一些研究，并提出了一些建议和意见，制订出了针对性对策。但大量资料报道的是以体质的地区间差异分析，不同人群间的比较研究为主，而在武术方面的体质研究尚不多见。武术作为中华民族的传统体育项目有着悠久的历史，研究的人很多，但他们大多是从技术、理论、训练等角度进行的。作者针对国内这一空白，把体质与武术完全结合起来并通过体质测试进行研究、分析，试图找出武术运动对少年儿童体质的影响结果，并分析其变化原因，能更好地为开展全民健身计划，增强人民体质，为武术教学和训练提供科学的参考依据，来更好地弘扬中华武术。研究结论：（1）武术运动对少年儿童的心肺机能有良好的影响，表现为安静心率徐缓，收缩压、舒张压有下降趋势，肺活量增大。（2）武术运动有利于促进少年儿童的生长发育。它不仅能促进身高、体重的增长，还能促进人体各部围、宽、厚度的增长，使少年儿童的体态得到均衡发展，表现为肩宽胸阔，使其具有造型美、动作舒展的优点。（3）武术运动有利于少年儿童反应能力的改善，使动作反应能力提高，平衡能力增强。（4）经常从事武术运动，有利于全面提高少年儿童的速度、力量、柔韧、耐力、灵敏等身体素质。（5）武术运动对少年儿童的腿距有不良影响，但“O型腿”不是武术运动员天生所独有的，造成“O型腿”的原因主要与训练方法不当以及早期专门化训练有关。避免“O型腿”的关键是从这两点入手。更多还原

【Abstract】 Physical Fitness is the quality of man’s body. It is the synthesis and comparatively stable characteristics of the body’s configuration, physiological function and psychological factors based on the transmissibility and acquisition. With the development of the society and the improvement of people’s living standard, the problem of physical fitness attracts more and more attention, and accordingly becomes the subject for research. In china, some research in this area has been reported, specialists have put forward some suggestions and have shaped some pertinent courses. however, the study is focused on the analysis of different districts and the analysis among different groups, and that research on the effects of wu shu exercise upon physical fitness is seldom done. As a traditional gymnastic exercise of china, wu shu has a long history. many people have done studies for it from the view of skill, theory and training, but not from the view of constitution. Thus, in order to supply this blank project, the author makes the study and analysis of physical fitness and wu shu together by the constitution testing, trying to find the result of wu shu exercise on the children’s constitution, and analysis the reason. According to the research, the author hopes to provide the scientific data for the civil body building program, building up people’s physical fitness and the teaching and training of wu shu. So that the chinese wu shu can be better developed. Conclusion: (1) wu shu exercise has a good influence on children’s cardiorespiratory function. The heart rate is slow, the systolic pressure and diastolic pressure are in a downward trend while the vital capacity expands. (2) wu shu exercise contributes to the children’s growth and developing. It can not only make the body height and body weight better, but also improve the different part circumference, width and thickness developing more. This can make the children’s body gesture look proportional. With the broad shoulder and breast, this makes their body gesture and movement more beautiful. (3) wu shu exercise helps to enhance children’s reaction capacity and strengthen their equilibrium. (4) children ofien engaged in wu shu exercise will experience an overall boost of body making speed, strength, pliability, stamina, flexibility and so on. (5) wu shu might have an ill effect on children’s leg. But 0-leg is not the inborn defect of wu shu athlete. It results mainly from the improper way of training and the early special training. One who hopes to avoid this problem need pay special attention to the above two poins.更多还原