【作者】 黄继雄；

【导师】 叶枝全；

【作者基本信息】 汕头大学 ， 机电控制及自动化， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文针对国家自然科学基金项目“适用于风力机全工况的专用新系列翼型研究及其气动特性分析”，用理论分析计算和风洞试验相结合的方法研究风力机专用新翼型的气动性能。论文包括三部分：风力机翼型的基本理论、气动性能计算、风洞试验与结果分析。 风力机翼型的基本理论部分讨论了雷诺数、马赫数及边界层等翼型基本概念，并分析了翼型的几何参数和空气动力特性及其对翼型气动性能的影响。翼型几何参数包括翼弦、前缘半径、厚度、中弧线、弯度和尾缘厚度等，这些参数直接影响翼型的气动性能。影响翼型气动性能的空气动力特性有雷诺数、边界层、粗糙度、湍流度和攻角等。同时，着重讨论了典型的风力机传统翼型和专用新翼型的特点和气动性能，以及它们在风力机上的应用。 气动性能计算采用粘性和无粘性结合的分析计算方法。论文中详细讨论了计算理论模型，并用低雷诺数翼型分析和设计软件XFOIL分析了两种典型翼型在相同马赫数、不同雷诺数和相同雷诺数、不同马赫数时的气动性能。分析结果表明：雷诺数和马赫数对翼型气动性能有较大的影响。雷诺数较大的情况下，翼型升力系数较高；而马赫数较大时，翼型升力系数较低，而阻力系数较高。同时，还尝试用XFOIL进行翼型外形直接数值优化设计，选取翼型的前缘半径、中弧线弯度和尾缘厚度作为设计变量，以最大升力系数和升阻比的代数加权和为设计的目标函数，得到了和参考翼型最大相对厚度相同、外形相近且在其失速前具有较高升力系数和升阻比的新翼型。 风洞试验在汕头大学风洞实验室进行。试验研究了两种典型翼型在8m/s和12m/s两种风速下的气动性能，其中一种翼型的攻角范围从-30到42度，另一种翼型的攻角从-30到60度，并与XFOIL的计算结果进行了比较。试验和计算取得了较一致的结果，验证了计算方法的可行性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The new wind turbine airfoils and their aerodynamic performances are presented in this thesis. The study is supported by the NSFC project 揜esearch on the Development of New Airfoil Series for Wind Turbine and their Aerodynamic Characteristic Analysis? for the study of the aerodynamic performances of the new wind turbine airfoils, both the theoretical calculation and the wind tunnel test were used. In the thesis, three sections are mainly included: theory of wind turbine airfoils, aerodynamic performance prediction and wind tunnel test and analysis. In the first part, some basic concepts regarding airfoil and airfoil flow were introduced, the Reynolds number, Mach number and boundary layer were typically explained. fhe geometric parameters, aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils and their effects on airfoil aerodynamic performances were discussed. The geometric parameters, which include chord, leading edge radius, thickness, camber line, camber and trailing edge radius, have a direct effect on airfoil aerodynamic performances. The aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils include Reynolds number, boundary layer, roughness, turbulence and angle of attack, etc. Meanwhile, the characteristic and aerodynamic performance of the typical traditional wind turbine airfoils and the new wind turbine airfoils, and their applications in wind turbine design were emphatically discussed. In the second part, an interactive viscous/inviscid approach was used to predict the aerodynamic performances of the airfoils, and the prediction model was also discussed in detail. The aerodynamic performances of two typical wind turbine airfoils with different Reynolds number and Mach number was predicted using the software XFOIL, which is a kind of analysis and design software for low Reynolds number airfoil. The analytical results showed that Reynolds number and Mach number have a rather obvious effect on airfoil aerodynamic performances. The bigger the Reynolds number, the higher the lift coefficient of airfoil; the bigger the Mach II Abstract number, the lower the lift coefficient and the higher the drag coefficient. Moreover, the direct numerical optimum design of the airfoil shape using XFOJL was also investigated. The design variables are leading edge radius, camber of the camber line and trailing edge radius, and the objective function of the design is the weighted sum of max lift coefficient and lift/drag ratio. A new airfoil which has the same relative thickness, similar profile and better lift and lift-drag ratio compared with the referenced airfoil was gained. The wind tunnel test was conducted at the Wind Tunnel Laboratory in Shantou University. The aerodynamic performances of two FFA-W3 airfoils at wind speed of 8m/s and 12m/s were gained, respectively. The range of angle of attack of one of the two airfoils is from ?300 to 420, and the other is from ~300 to 600 . The comparisons of the perfonnances between the test and calculation were shown in good agreement. It is demonstrated that the calculation method applied was effective in the performance prediction.更多还原