【作者】 张雄飞；

【导师】 谢刚； 王达健；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 冶金物理化学， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 金属基复合材料中基体与增强体的化学相容性，特别在采用液态制备工艺时，对最终复合材料产品性能有重要影响。从降低金属基复合材料的制备成本和资源再利用角度考虑，进行了飞灰增强铝基复合材料的工艺实验，结合分析检测手段，对制备工艺中涉及到的复杂反应性问题进行了分析。 对目前采用的化学反应制备复合材料的各种技术进行了评述；基于低成本制备金属基复合材料目的，重点评价了天然矿物—飞灰作为廉价颗粒增强相的工艺及其化学相容性研究现状。作为理论辅助分析方法，概述了利用数据库进行多组元多相复杂体系产物、相成分分析的原理。 实验采用粉末冶金的液相烧结方法制备铝/飞灰复合材料，以克服铸造工艺中金属与增强相容易强烈反应的缺点。飞灰原料为中空或实心球体颗粒，取自云南省某火电厂。重点考察了烧结工艺中温度、气氛、增强相含量等技术工艺条件。 在反应性分析方面，应用已有的数据库系统，对多相多组分的复杂体系进行了详细分析。结合Ｘ-射线衍射和扫描电镜分析技术，检验了物相，观察了微观形貌，提出了实现相成分和组织控制的工艺技术方案。 在优化的工艺技术条件下，对实验制备的样品进行了部分性能检测。结合已有的研究文献结果，对铝/飞灰复合材料的性能和应用性进行了分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chemical compatibility between matrix and reinforced phases of composites especially in liquid state processing plays a key role to determine the properties of end composite products. From the view points of lowering the preparation cost of composites and reusing the resources, the experiments using fly ash to reinforce aluminum matrix were carried out, and the complex reaction equilibrium involved in the processes have been approached theoretically together with experimental characterization and measurements of microstructures and properties. Various composite reaction techniques presently adopted have been reviewed; The cost-effective processes using natural minerals and fly ash as raw materials as well as present chemical compatibility approaches are highlighted; The analysis principles on multicomponent multiphase complicated systems as an aided means are outlined. The Al-fly ash composites were fabricated with P/M liquid sintering process to overcome the drawbacks of intensive reaction between metal and reinforced phases in casting routes. The raw materials of fly ash, adopted from some Coal-burning Porer Station, is in the form of hollow or solid particles. The technical parameters such as temperatures, atmosphere and reinforced phase contents are experimentally examized. As for the reactivity approach, the available database FACTWIN is employed to detail the complex equilibrium in multicomp ent multiphase systems. With XRD and SEM characterization, the phases and morphology formed in the sintering processes are examined. As a result of Al-fly ash composiles, the optimized process control to realize the better hase and microstructure is presented. Some properties of prepared Al-fly ash composite samples are measured under th iptiznized process conditions. Coupled with the reported experimental results, the properties and potential applications of Al- fly ash composites are discussed.更多还原