【作者】 赵海珍；

【导师】 陈东来；

【作者基本信息】 河北农业大学 ， 森林培育， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 落叶松是华北地区的主要造林树种，具有速生、丰产、材质好的特点。落叶松人工林的动态模拟可为其集约经营提供合理、详细的林分动态信息，对于大力发展人工林，解决我国木材日趋尖锐的供需矛盾具有重要意义。本文在对落叶松人工林进行立地分类和立地质量评价的基础上，建立了落叶松人工林的矩阵模型和单木生长模型。研究的内容及结果归纳如下： 立地分类与立地质量评价。以坡向和坡位为主导因子将落叶松人工林分为6种立地类型：阳坡上位、阳坡中位、阳坡下位、阴坡上位、阴坡中位和阴坡下位，其相应的地位指数分别为：8.95，10.37，12.02，13.24，14.10，15.75m。结果表明：地位指数，阴坡＞阳坡；同一坡向则表现为坡下部＞坡中部＞坡上部。 落叶松人工林的矩阵模型。以logistic型回归式建立径阶枯损模型确定枯损概率（m），在此基础上应用递推算法计算转移概率参数（a、b）；以二元线性函数建立进界生长模型确定进界生长参数（d）。根据转移概率参数（a、b）和进界生长参数（d）可以得到落叶松的转移概率矩阵，结合其初始分布可模拟15年后林分的结构变化。结果表明：15年后的落叶松人工林中小径阶林木趋于减少，大径阶林木有所增多。 落叶松人工林的单木生长模型。以Chapman-Richards方程拟合单木断面积潜在生长函数，采用植距指数（RS）和相对直径（RD₀）作为与距离无关的竞争指标，以生长量修正法建立单木的断面积生长预估模型。该模型结合树高曲线动态模型、单木材积方程和单木枯损率方程，可以模拟自然生长状态下的林分动态，模拟结果与实际林分动态十分接近。更多还原

【Abstract】 Larch plantation, which has the characteristics of fast-growing, high-yield and high- quality, is the major plantation tree species in north China. Dynamic modeling of Larch plantation can provide rational and practical stand dynamic information for its intensive management, of which include to develop Larch plantation to solve wood crisis partly. Based on the site classification and site evaluation, the matrix models (size class model) and individual tree growth model was developed in this paper. The main research content and result are given as follows: Site classification and site evaluation Larch plantation was classified six site types namely top-positive central-positive lower-positive top-negative central-negative and lower-negative by two dominant factors lope direction and slope location. Their corresponding site index are 8.95m lO.37m 12.02m. I3.24m l4.lOm andl5.75m, respectively. The result showed that negative slopes site index was higher than that of positive slope, and to same slope direction the lower part was higher than the central and than the top. Matrix model Tree mortality model was constructed by Logistic regression. Then transition probability parameter(a b) was cumulated on the basis of the mortality probability(m). Upgrowth parameter (d) can be obtained by bivariate linear function. According to the transition probability matrix combining with stand original distribution, the change of stand structure in fifteen years was modeled. The result showed that the amount of tree in small size-class decreased slowly, while the tree in big size-class increased steadily. Individual tree growth model Because diameter directly affects tree growth, this paper used planting-distance index (RS) and relative diameter (RD0) as distance- independent individual tree competition index. Based on Chapman-Richards equation, the distance-independent individual tree model was developed to predict individual tree basal area growth of Larch plantation. Using this model and combining with height- diameter curve. individual tree mortality probability model and individual tree volume equation, stand dynamics can be better simulated for unthinned Larch plantation.更多还原