【作者】 罗辉；

【导师】 刘新成；

【作者基本信息】 首都师范大学 ， 世界史， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 全文分四章。 第一章分二节。第一节介绍骑士的定义，解释骑士作为一个社会阶层是如何形成的。然后概述骑士的装备、土地占有情况及骑士的收入来源。本节重点论述了骑士与贵族的关系，尽管这一问题比较复杂，也有争议，但作者没有回避，在综合几种观点的基础上，认为骑士与贵族经历了一个由分立到合流的过程。第二节论述骑士制度，内容包括骑士精神、骑士的册封仪式、比武大会、骑士的教育与训练以及骑士的爱。 第二章描述了中世纪早期的骑士生活。骑士的基督教化是这一时期骑士生活的主要特征。“上帝的和平”与“上帝的休战”运动对骑士的生活影响很大。 第三章系统地描述中世纪中期骑士的军事、政治、文化生活。十字军东征、行吟诗人的文学创作及骑士的朝臣化交织在一起，显示骑士生活的多样性。这一时期，骑士阶层作为一个整体向上层社会流动，逐步与贵族合流。 第四章概述中世纪晚期骑士生活的特点。骑士身份到达顶峰后，暴露出衰落的迹象。中世纪晚期，骑士的社会功能褪化，作用仅限于军事方面，同时社会、经济地位逐步下降。炮兵制的成熟及军队职业化进程的彻底摧毁了骑士的军事垄断地位，骑士制度衰落。 本文在结论中提出：封土制、战争及骑士军事作用的演变影响了骑士的生活方式，同时，基督教、基督教会、骑士文学也是影响骑士生活方式的重要因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 This thesis has four chapters. Chapter one has two sections. In the first section 1 introduce the definition of the knight, and interpret how the knight, as a caste, came into being. Then I outline his equipment, land and income sources. I pay much attention in the relationship between the nobility and the knight. Though the relationship is complex and controversial, I confront with it. After synthesizing different opinions, I conclude that the knight and the nobility conflated gradually from separation. In section two, chivalry, which includes the knightly spirit, the ceremony of dubbing a knight, tournament, courtly love and knightly training, is examined. The second chapter describes the knightly life in the early Middle Ages, when it characterized the Christianization of the knight. 揟he peace of God?and 搕he truce of God?influenced the knightly life greatly. Chapter 3 disserts the military, cultural and political life of the knight in the high Middle Ages. Crusades, composing activities of the troubadour and the bureaucratization of the knight were interlaced. They indicated the diversity of the knightly life. In the high Middle Ages, the class of knight, as a whole, mobilized upward upper class. As a result, the knight increasingly conflated with the nobility. In the fourth chapter, 1 describe the knightly life in the late Middle Ages. There was evidence that showed declination of the knight. The knightly social status dropped. His function was limited in the military field. With the maturity of the artillery and the professionalization of the forces, the monopoly of the knight in the forces lost. The chivalry declined. The thesis ends with a conclusion. I conclude that the evolution of the fief and the wars and military function of the knight influenced the knightly life. At the same time, Christianity, church, and the romances were also factors that influenced the knightly life.更多还原