【作者】 杨克军；

【导师】 李振华；

【作者基本信息】 东北农业大学 ， 作物栽培与耕作， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究通过对两个不同株型品种分别在两种不同种植方式和五个不同密度下栽培，探讨了种植方式和群体密度对玉米产量形成及品质的影响。旨在探索高纬度地区提高玉米产量、改善其品质的新途径，为玉米高产优质栽培提供理论参考。 试验结果表明，玉米单株绿色叶面积在整个生育进程中呈单峰曲线变化，植株干物质积累动态呈“S”形曲线变化，但不同栽培方式和群体密度条件下，玉米各生育阶段叶面积、LAI、LAD、群体内的光分布、地上干重、籽粒脱水速率、籽粒产量、籽粒的营养物质含量等均存在明显差异。 大垄双行栽培方式可以改善玉米的群体结构，减少株间竞争，促进个体生长发育，玉米植株的叶面积、LAI、LAD及干重均有不同程度增长；群体光合性能增强，籽粒灌浆速率高，成熟期脱水速度快，增产效果显著。籽粒营养物质的百分含量除蛋白质外，淀粉和脂肪的含量均有提高趋势；玉米籽粒淀粉、蛋白质、脂肪的百粒含量都明显增加。 不同密度条件下，玉米群体光合性能、干物质积累、产量及品质等存在明显差异，低密度下玉米叶面积、LAI、LAD及单株产量较高。在一定范围内，随着密度的增长，降低了个体的生产力，但群体作用有所加强。更多还原

【Abstract】 Two varieties with different plant types cultivating respectively under two different cultivation methods and five different densities were studied in this research. The major object was to explore effects of cultivation method and density of population on yield formation and quality of maize, further found out new method that could enhance yield and improve quality of maize in high latitude areas. The results of research showed that green leaf axil of single maize plant changed with unimodal curve, and accumulative trend of plant dry matter varied with 揝?curve. At the same time, there were obvious difference among leaf axii, LAI, LAD, light distribution in population, dry matter weight overground, dehydration rate of grain, yield of grain, nutrient substance content of grain at different growing periods under different cultivation methods and densities of population.The cultivation method of macro-ridge and two-row might improve population structure of maize, reduce inter-plant competition, promote individual growth and development, increase leaf axil, LAI, LAD and dry matter weight to different degree. When photosynthesis potential of population, grain filling rate and dehydration speed in mature period were improved, the increasing of yield would be significant. The percentage of grain nutrient substances, except for protein, have significantly increasing tendency. Starch content, protein content and fat content per 100 grains of maize all were increased obviously, total yield of nutrient substances per unit area were enhanced significantly.There were significant difference among photosynthesis potential of population, accumulation of dry matter, yield and quality of maize under different densities. individual leaf axil, LAI and LAD of population, individual yield in maize were high relatively under low density. Individual productivity would be decreased with increasing of density, while the effect of population would be reinforced with it.更多还原