【作者】 韩飞；

【导师】 卢德勋；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文分为三个部分，主要研究在饲喂基础日粮条件下，牛羊常用饲料由瘤胃发酵 的丙酸转化形成的葡萄糖(POEG)的测定，规范绵羊瘤胃丙酸产量和吸收率的测定技 术，为代谢葡萄槽(MG)数据库的建立提供技术数据和支撑。 1、利用体外法建立饲料营养成分和瘤胃丙酸产量的数学模型 试验一 牛羊常用饲料营养成分的测定 本试验根据美国康乃尔净碳水化合物和蛋白质体系，简称CNCPS，分析测定了四 类二十四种饲料的营养成分，为以后的试验奠定数据基础。 试验二 利用体外法建立饲料营养成分和瘤胃丙酸产量的回归模型 本试验利用体外法研究了四类(能量饲料、蛋白饲料、优质粗饲料、低质粗饲料) 二十四种饲料体外培养一定时间后的丙酸产量。规范了体外法测定单一饲料丙酸产量的 实验方法，并建立了饲料营养成分和瘤胃丙酸产量的回归方程。研究结果表明，能量饲 料中400mg玉米、麸皮、大麦、高粱、小麦、燕麦体外培养15小时的丙酸产量分别为 0.41、0.44、0.41、0.41、0.57、0.44mmol；蛋白饲料中400mg豆粕、麻粕、葵粕、莱粕、 棉粕、玉米蛋白粉体外培养15小时的丙酸产量分别为0.41、0.32、0.38、0.34、0.16、 0.17mmol；优质粗饲料中400mg苜蓿、沙打旺、肋麦野豌豆、冰草、披碱草、雀麦体 外培养24小时的丙酸产量分别为0.31、0.27、0.21、0.22、0.33、0.29mmol；低质粗饲 料中400mg玉米秸、小麦秸、粟秸，谷秸、燕麦秸、土豆蔓体外培养24小时的丙酸产 量分别为 0.07、0.09、0.14、0.17、0.25、0.39mmol。 利用能量饲料、蛋白饲料体外培养15小时，优质粗饲料、低质粗饲料体外培养24 小时的丙酸产量和试验─中按CNCPS分析测定的结果，根据SAS多元回归分析分别建 立了四类饲料中产丙酸的营养成分（CA、CB1、CB2、PA、PB1、PB2，mg)和瘤胃丙 酸产量(Y，mmol)的回归方程： 能量饲料 Y＝0.0051CA+0.0037CB1+0.0043CB2+0.011PA-0.00093PB1-0.79 (R2=0.999，n=6，P<0.0001) 蛋白饲料 Y＝0.0016CA+0.00087CB1+l.lll42CB2-0.0036PA+0.34 (R2=0.999，n=6，p<0.0001) 优质粗饲料 Y=0.0062CA+0.．92CB1+0.0052CB1+0.0052CB2+0.27PA-0.059PB1-3.68 (R2=0.999，n=6，p<0.01) 低质粗饲料 Y=0.0029CA+0.045CB1-0.0029CB2+0.30PA-0.90PB1-0.29 (R2=0.999，n＝6，p<0.0001) 2、绵羊瘤胃内丙酸吸收率的测定及其模型化 本试验选取9 ．q体况良好，体重2＊4Kg安装有永久性瘤胃屡管的内蒙古半细毛 箔羊，按体重随机分为三组，每组 3只，分别饲喂三种 SC：NSC不同的日粮侣 SC： NSC分别为 l，60 2．28 3．03人通过连续饲喂使瘤胃内丙酸代谢呈现稳态，然后通过启 动一连续灌注丙酸，使瘤胃丙酸呈现新的稳态的方法，研究了9只羊连续灌注丙酸前 后丙酸的产生速率，外流速率，从而求得丙酸的吸收速率和吸收率。结果表明丙酸的吸 收率为41．45一880％。并建立了丙酸产生量X（mmUd）与吸收率KI的数学模型： KI己sl．40…．796（Ro．8005，P＜0＊5，妒17）。 3、牛羊常用饲料中由掩胃发酵产生的丙酸转化形成的葡萄糖（POEG）及部分饲料代 谢葡萄糖（MG）值的计算 本试验用实际团合的日粮建立了体外丙酸产量和体内丙酸产量的回归方程。对用不 同方法得到的丙酸产量进行了比较。并对体外法测定配合日粮是否具有组合效应作了分 析，还列出了部3：Twl料由瘤胃发酵产生的丙酸转化形成的葡萄糖 POEG（g／Kg）值和由 过瘤胃淀粉提供的葡萄糖 BSEG（g／Kg）值相加所得的代谢葡萄糖（MG）值。研究结 果表明：体内实际测定的丙酸产量明显低于体外测定的日粮丙酸产量，说明需对体外测 定值进行校正。本试验又发现体内测定的日粮丙酸产量（Y，mini／Kg）与体外测定的 日粮丙酸产量（X，mm啊）之间有显著的相关关系，其回归方程为：Y＝ 0．4524X＋5．2404 阻勺刀9041 n＝＝3 P＜0．05）。此公式可用来校正用体外法实测的丙酸产量（Pr）和用饲 料营养成分与丙酸产量的回归方程估测的丙酸产量pr勺。本试验还发现上述各日粮的 体外丙酸产量实测值与使用组成日粮的单个饲料丙酸产量体外测定值加权计算所得的 日粮丙酸产量值之间有显著差异，说明体外测定的日粮的组成成分之间在丙酸产量方面 存在有显著的组合效应。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper mainly studied the techniques for the measurement of glucose synthesized in the liver by propionic acid produced in the rumen (POEG) and the standardization of a methed for measuring the propionic acid yields and its absorption in the runen . With 24 feedstuffs, 5 sheep fed a basal diet were used and the data were obtained for establishment of metabolizable glucose (MG) database. This study includes three parts: Part 1.The development of mathematical models for estimating the propionic acid yields in the rumen from some feed nutrients parameters by in vitro technique. Experiment 1: Chemical analysis of the feedstuffs. Based on the feed protein and carbohydrate fractionation proposed by CNCPS ,4 kinds of 24 individual feeds were analysised for those components available for digestion in the rumen. Experiment 2: For development of In vitro regression equations among propionic acid yields and the feed components. 4 classes of feedstuffs were chosen to determine the propionic yields by in vitro technique; and the experimental procedures were standardized for measuring propionic acid yield of individual feeds.The propionic acid yields after 1 5h (for concentrates) or 24h (for roughages) incubations were as follows: (1) for energy feedstuffs, maize,wheat bran,barely,sorghum,wheat and orts were 0.41.. 0.44.. 0.41.. 0.41.. 0.57.. 0.44nimoll400mg, respectively. (2)for protein feedstuffs, soybean meal, flaxseed meal, sunfiowerseed meal, rapeseed meal,cottonseed meal and corn protein meal were 0.41. 0.32.. 0.38.. 0.34.. 0.16-.. 0.l7mmoIl400mmol,respectively. (3) for high quality roughages, Alfalfa hay, Astragalus absurgens, Wild pean stems ,Wheatgrass, Dahurian wildrye, Brome were 0.31 -. 0.27.. 0.21.. 0.22.. 0.33.. 0.29mmoIl400mg,respectively.(4)for low quality rourages :corn stovers, wheat straws, millet stalks, broomcom stalks,oat straws and potato stems were 0.07.. 0.09.. 0.14.. 0.17.. 0.25.. 0.39mmoIl400mg,respectively. Based on the data obtained from the experimental 1 and 2, the SAS multiregression procedure was used to develop a regressionship among propionic acid yield(Y) and feed components (Xi) . Regression equations obtained were showed as follows: For energy feedstuffs:Y0.005 1 CA-I-0.0037CB 1 +0.0043CB2+0.0 11 PA-0.00093PB 1-0.79 (R2=0999,n=6 p<O.000 1) For protein feedstuffs:Y0.00 1 6CA+0.00087CB 1+0.00042CB2-0.0036PA+O.34 2999 n6, P<0.0001) For high quality roughages:Y=0.0062CA+0.092CB 1 +0.0052CB2+0.027PA-0.059PB 1-3.68 (R2=O.999, n6, P<0.01) For low quality roughages:Y=0.0029CA+0.045CB 1 -O.0029CB2+0.3OPA-0.9OPB 1-0.29 ~2~999 ,n6, P<0.000l) where ,CA,a quickly degradable fraction of non-fiber carbohydrate; CB 1, a slow degradable fraction of non-fiber carbohydrate; CB2,a slow degradable fiber fraction of carbohydrate; PA,an instantlously available fraction of crude protein; PB 1 ,a rapidly available fraction of true protein ; PB2,a fraction of feed protein that is soluble in ND and of inter mediate availablility; PB3,a fraction of fraction that is insoluble in ND but soluble in AD and is slowly available. Part 2. Determination of the propionic acid yield and absorption rate in the rumen by in vivo technique and modeilization for estimating its absorption rate. Based on body weights, nine healthy Inner Mongolian semi-fine wool sheep fitted with permanent camiulas in the rumen and wei更多还原