历史主体活动与社会规律的统一论纲

【作者】 孙伟；

【导师】 李颜茹；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 马克思主义哲学， 2000， 硕士

【摘要】 尊重客观规律，正确发挥人的主观能动性，都离不开对历史主体活动与社会规律的关系问题的考察与研究。 本文从五个部分对历史主体活动、社会规律及其历史主体活动与社会规律的关系进行了论述。第一部分论述了历史主体活动。明确了我们人类是历史活动的主体，社会是人类的社会，人又是社会的人，指出了在主体的历史活动中生产劳动是人类实践活动的最基本的内容，是整个社会存在的基础，是历史主体活动的最基本的实践活动。第二部分论述了社会规律及其对历史主体活动的制约。阐述了社会规律的一般规定，指出了社会规律同自然规律一样，是不以人们的意志为转移的客观过程，强调了社会规律的客观性，提示了历史主体活动与社会规律统一的客观基础。同时，也对社会规律对主体活动的制约因素进行了分析，论述了经济条件、政治条件和精神条件对主体活动的制约是社会规律对主体活动的实践能力和意识能力的制约。第三部分论证了社会规律存在于历史主体活动之中，阐述了历史主体活动与社会规律是同一历史过程，二者统一的基础是历史主体的实践活动，社会规律通过历史主体的活动来实现，存在于历史主体活动之中。通过对主体实践活动与历史过程的展开的分析，社会规律和主体实践活动是同一过程，并不外在于主体的实践活动，社会系统的规律，也就是主体实践活动系统的规律。第四部分论述了历史主体活动与社会规律统一的复杂性，指出了这种统一不是无差别的，简单的，机械的统一，而是有差别的辩证的统一，历史主体活动与社会规律统一的现实基础是人类的实践活动。主体实践活动既是社会规律的承担者，又是社会规律的外在表现或存在方式，是社会规律得以实现的机制。而主体实践活动中主体利益之间的相互制衡和竞争机制，或者对社会规律的尊重和人的主观能动性的发挥，是社会规律作用得以实现的重要条件。第五部分阐述了社会历史进程的必然发展，都离不开人的活动，是人的活动的产物。历史过程的内在规律性通过人们的自觉活动表现出来，通过历史发展的必然性表现出来，自由自觉的活动创造出真的、美的。善的、有价值的对象世界，这就是未来的共产主义社会。更多还原

【Abstract】 People in the world must defer to the impersonality of the nature, and aslo to find one?s feet during the work. It can?t be separated from the investigation and study history subject activity and social rules. The paper presents the description of relationships be- tween the history subject activity, social rules and the history subject activity from the five parts. The first part presents the description of history sub- ject activity and indicates clearly that human being are the subject of the history activity, society is the society of human beings, people are the people are the people of society. It also points out that the production labor in the history activity of the subject is the most basic contents, and the bases for the existence of the society, and also the basic practice activity of the history subject activity. The second part describes the restrict relationship be- tween social rules and history subject. It describes the general rules and points out social rules are similar with natural rules, it is an impersonal course and can抰 be changed with the human thoughts. It pinpoints the impersonal proper- ties of the social rules. It also open out the impersonality base of history object with social rules.At the same time, it analyzes the restrict factors of socia~ rules to history subject, it describes the restrict relationship of economy conditions, political conditions and inspirit conditions to history subject. The third part describes that the social rules exist in the history subject activity, and history subject activity are the same history course with social rules. The consoli- date bases of the both is the practice activity of the history subject, the actualization of social rules via his- tory subject activity and exist in the history subject activity. With the analysis of history actualization activ- ity and history course, social rules and subject actualiza- tion activity are the same course, they do not exist the actualization activity system. The fourth part describes the complexity of history subject activity and social rules. It pinpoints that the consodlidat ion has difference, they are not the simple and mechanical consolidation,but it is the dialectic consolidation. The consolidation real base of history sub- ject activity with social rules are the practice activity of human beings. History practice activity not only the bearer of social rules,but it is also the behave and/or exist form, it is the consolidation system of social rules. The one an other mechanism and competitive mechanism of between the subject profits of subject practice activity, or it is the respect of social rules and exertion of human beings to find one?s feet, it is the important condition of achievement of social rules. The last part describes the development of social his- tory course are based on the human beings?activity, it is the product of human beings?activity. The inherent rules of history course are behaved with the human beings?activity, and also the history development. It is Lightheartedness, and will create the real, beauty, kindness, merit world. It is the fu- ture Communism Society.更多还原