【作者】 庞佑林；

【导师】 曲福田；

【作者基本信息】 南京农业大学 ， 土地资源管理， 2000， 硕士

【摘要】 可持续发展要求保持一定的资源拥有量，特别是与人类生存密切相关的耕地资源量。中国作为发展中国家，正处于工业化、城市化迅速发展时期，耕地转化为非农用地速度较快，且土地退化现象较严重，人地关系相对紧张，在此背景下，我国提出了土地持续利用的战略。要实现土地持续利用（主要指农地资源持续利用），农地资源开发是一个重要途径。农地资源开发通过补充耕地、提高土地生产力和经济效益、保护自然景观和改善生态环境实现土地持续利用，进而实现农业和农村可持续发展。 农地资源开发对土地持续利用贡献的评价可作为农地开发战略目标选择、可行性分析的依据。本文分别从方法（第二章）和实证（第三章）对江苏省农地资源开发对土地持续利用的贡献进行了评价。评价方法采用分准则分层次指标群评价，在土地持续利用评价的五个准则下选取有代表性的指标，然后选用计量经济学方法（用Solow增量模型求贡献率）、间断时间序列法（农地开发这一干预发生前后土地利用对比）、非等量群体设计法（项目区与非项目区对比）等方法对农地资源开发对土地持续利用的贡献进行评价。并认为不同区域及不同层次的区域，在选取评价的指标及指标的重要性排序上并不相同，为本文的评价在省级、项目区级和田块级三个不同层次上设计了评价的具体指标。评价结果是：近十年江苏省的农地开发补充了大量耕地，补充耕地占耕地减少数的45.6％，缓解了耕地下降趋势；提高了耕地生产力，农地开发增加的折粮产量占每年折粮产量的0.52％-4.67％，同时农地开发还增强了生产稳定性；对农产品产量、农业产值的增长作了重要贡献，促进了区域经济发展，通过农地开发每年增加的农业产值约为6.4亿元，通过模型计算，产量增长的24％和产值增长的32％可归于农地开发；开发每年为全省每人增加粮食4.17千克，保证了食物安全；农地开发还提高了农民收入，改善了区域平衡；改善了生态环境，促进了农业现代化，为全省土地持续利用作出了较大的贡献。 模式的总结可为农地开发项目的规划、设计提供借鉴。第四章在调查的基础上对江苏省农地资源开发模式进行了分析，总结和分析了淮北平原以中低产田改造为主的农田整治模式；里下河地区低洼地改造和湖泊荡地综合开发模式；低山丘陵区立体开发和小流域治理模式；沿海滩涂综合开发模式；废弃地复垦模式。并总结了平原农田整治、丘陵山区开发、滩涂开发的不同投资经营模式。 制度建设是农地开发顺利进行的保证，本文分析了耕地和非耕地开发中的制度建设，建议在农地开发中，特别是非耕地开发中推行股份合作制。新形势下农地开发的重点己发生转变，重在改善生态环境，提高土地质量、改善区域平衡。开发的公益性、规模性、综合性等要求政府在农地开发中发挥积极作用，强化规划管理、制度诱导、提高基础设施、服务等功能。更多还原

【Abstract】 For sustainable development, it is necessary to preserve essential resource, especially agriculture land resource, in term of quantity and quality. As a developing country, China is undergoing a process of urbanization and industrialization. The transforming of the agricultural land to non-agricultural land and the land resource degralion become serious problems. So, the new strategy, sustainable land use (SLU), has been put forward. The agricultural land development (ALD) is an important access to SLU. This paper discusses the method of appraising the effects of ALD to SLU and applies it in Jiangsu province. The appraising of ALD employs index group by different criterions and at different regional levels. The representative indices are chosen from five criterion of SLU, then these indices are used to evaluate the effects by applying Econometrics method (Solow increment model), Interrupted Time Serials (before and behind ALD), No-equate Group Design (project and non-project). The indices and their sequence of importance are different at different regional level, so this paper design an indices group table for province, projective areas and fields respectively. In Jiangsu province case, the conclusion is that the ALD of last ten years has greatly improved the agricultural sustainability. It supplied a great amount of cultivated land. The ratio compared with decrement of cultivated land is 45.6%. It improved the productivity of agricultural land, for example, it increase the output by 0.52%- 4.67%. About 24% increment of output can be attributed to ALD. The ALD add 4.1 7kilogram of grain to every person every year. Moreover, the ability of anti- adversity has been increased. The agricultural output value has increased about 6.4 billion through ALD. About 32% increment of agriculture output value could be attributed to ALD. Through ALD, the farmer income has increased and the regional balance has been changed. ALD also took a positive role in improving ecological system and the quality of environment. The development model can provide references to ALD project planning and design. In Jiangsu province, this paper summarized such models as: low-yield land improvement model in Huaibei plain, low-lying land improvement and comprehensive shallow lake development model in Lixiahe, altitude development and small valley harness model in mountain and hilly county, comprehensive beach development model, discarded land development model. Investment and operation mechanism in different area (plain, hilly land and beach) has also been summarized. Institution guarantees the successful development of agricultural land. This paper analysis the institution in cultivated land and other agricultural land development. Since ALD has some characters such as ublic good arge- scale? omprehensive development? the government must take an important role in ALD.更多还原