【作者】 朱安娜；

【导师】 纪树兰；

【作者基本信息】 北京工业大学 ， 环境化工， 2000， 硕士

【摘要】 本文主要针对纳滤（简称NF）膜分离回收洁霉素发酵废水进行试验研究。利用平板型及卷式纳滤膜在动态条件下筛选出合适的膜品种及操作条件，对不同浓缩工艺操作流程进行试验研究，并加以分析和比较。 本文对膜性能的评价指标主要为膜通量、COD_cr的截留率、洁霉素的截留率以及通量与洁霉素截留率的乘积。对洁霉素的浓缩要求为2000mg/l以上，回收率为90％以上。 通过对八种平板型试验用膜的筛选实验可知，大连化物所的纳滤膜（简称DL膜）是国产膜中通量较大、对COD_cr及洁霉素的截留率也较高、性能最稳定的纳滤膜，相比国外纳滤膜而言，造价也较低。以色列MPW公司的MPF-44型膜是国外商品膜中对COD_cr及抗生素的截留率较高，性能最稳定的纳滤膜，且它是所有纳滤膜中唯一能耐溶剂的纳滤膜。基于上述两种膜的优良特性，选定这两种纳滤膜作为中试及生产用膜。 通过对不同压力、流量等条件进行实验，确定了这两种纳滤膜各自的最佳操作压力：大连化物所纳滤膜的最佳压力为2.OMPa，MPF-44纳滤膜为3.0MPa；确定了最佳流量在8～12L/min的范围内。 通过对大连、以色列两种卷式纳滤膜的动态实验可知，在正常的废水浓度下，对废水浓缩10～20倍后废水中洁霉素浓度可浓缩至2000mg/l以上，能满足回用要求。其浓缩时间与膜通量、膜面积及进水浓度有关。 本课题设计了三个串联流程，使用DL-NF₂-30纳滤膜和MPS-44纳滤膜串联进行浓缩试验，与其它几种串联流程相比，采用串联流程二（MPS-44膜作为浓缩级处理原始废水，DL-NF₂-30膜作为后续浓缩级处理MPS-44膜的出水）比较有利，既可满足浓缩要求，又能保证抗生素的回收率在90％以上。DL-NF₂-30 膜适于处理低浓水，在不同流程中既可作预浓缩级，又可做出水的后续浓缩级。以色列膜性能极为稳定，可作为浓缩级用于浓缩洁霉素发酵废水至2000mg/l。 纳滤膜法处理洁霉素废水不仅具有环境效益，而且具有一定的经济和社会效益，在抗生素废水处理中具有较为广阔的应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 A study of Lincomycin recycling and separation from fermentation wastewater by adopting Nanofiitration (abbre. NF) membranes is presented in this paper. Several types of flat and spiral NF membranes are used under dynamic operation conditions, though which the optimal membranes and operation conditions are determined. In addition, several different technological processes are experimented, the results of the experiments are analyzed and compared too.The evaluate criterions on membrane properties are mainly the water flux , CODCr retention rate, iincomycin retention rate and the multiplier of water flux and lincomycin retention rate. The concentration of lincomycin demanded in reuse is 2000 mg/i, and the recycling rate is over 90%.As known from the experiments on eight types of fiat NF membranesDL?NF membrane (made by Daiian Institution of Chemical Physics) has the optimal properties such as the higher water flux , higher retention of CODcr and iincomycin , the most steady properties among several domestic NF membranes. Moreover, the cost of this kind of NF membrane is less than that of exotic NF membranes.MPF?4 NF membrane (made by MPW corporation . Israel ) is the optimal NF membrane among the several exotic membranes, which has the highest retention of CODCr and lincomycin and the most steady properties. In addition , it is the unique solvent?resistant NF membrane.The DL NF membrane and MPF?4 NF membrane are adopted as the membranes used in semindustrial pilotcale study or in the industrial process due to their excellent properties.Through the experiments on different pressure and feed flux , the optimal operation pressure of those two types of NF membrane is ascertained: DL NF membrane optimal pressure is 2.0 MPa, the MPF?4 NF membrane optimal pressure is 3. 0 MPa, the suitable feed flux ranges from 8 to 12 1/mm.After the dynamic experiments of spiral DLF2?0 NF membrane andMPS--44 NF membrane, resu1 ts indicate that the concentrat ion of 1 incomyci ncan reach 2000mg/1 or higher when using the norma1 process eff1uent asfeed and concentrating the wastewater about 10~20 times, which can reachthe demand of reuse. The concentration time is re1ated with the membrane’swater f1ux l membrane’s area, and feed concentration.Three series processes are designed that DL--NF,--30 NF membrane andMPS--44 NF membrane are contacted to concentrate the wastewater, thesecond series process (MPS--44 NF membrane is adopted as concentrationgrade to treat the primi tive wastewater, and DL--NF,--30 NF membrane is usedas follow--up concentration grade to treat the water flux of MPS--44 NFmembrane) is more beneficial when compared wi th other series processes,which can not on1y reach the reuse demand but also the recyc1ing rateis over 90%. DL--NF,--30 NF membrane is fit for treating 1ower concentrationwastewater and can be used as preconcentration grade or fo11ow--upconcentrat ion grade in different techno1ogica1 processes. MPS--44 NFmembrane’s properties are very steady ) and can be used as concentrationgrade to treat the 1 incomycin ferment waste water.NF membrane used in treatment of 1incomycin wastewater can not on1ybenefit environment but a1so benefit the economy and society. 1t wou1dbe prospective that applying NF membrane in the treatment of antibioticwas t ewat er.更多还原