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活性炭生产废水治理与回用工艺的研究
The Research on the Treatment and Recycle of Active Carbon Wastewater from Active Carbon Production
【作者】 梁文艳;
【导师】 金毓(山全);
【作者基本信息】 北京工业大学 , 环境工程, 2000, 硕士
【摘要】 在活性炭的生产过程中,由于需要用酸和水对活性炭进行清洗,因此产生大量的活性炭生产废水,如不加以治理,将对周围环境产生污染。本研究课题来源于光华木材厂活性炭分厂的活性炭生产废水的治理与回用项目。 由于我国水体污染比较严重,又面临严峻的水资源短缺问题,所以本课题的研究内容将着重于活性炭废水治理与回用的工艺研究。工艺研究从清洁生产的角度出发,在回收活性炭物料,削减污染物排放的同时,尽量达到废水的循环再利用。使废水经过处理后不仅达到排放要求,还可以用做冲刷用水等低级用水,或经进一步处理后回用于生产工艺中,以节约整个工厂的新鲜水用量。 本课题所研究的工艺流程是:首先将废水中的活性炭颗粒与废水分离,然后去除废水中的铁离子、硬度和氯化物等几种对活性炭生产质量会带来影响的成份,达到回用水要求或普通用水要求。课题采用微滤法分离回收废水中活性炭颗粒,对用微滤法分离废水中活性炭颗粒的影响因素、工艺条件进行了实验;采用中和沉淀法去除铁离子和硬度,对中和沉淀条件、投加药剂等进行了正交实验;采用电渗析法去除氯化物,对氯化物去除的实验工艺进行了初步探索。通过一系列实验和研究得出,采用微滤法可以很好地分离回收废水中的活性炭颗粒,分离回收率达到99%以上;用中和沉淀法可以同时有效地去除铁离子和硬度,经沉淀法处理后的废水中总铁离子浓度小于0.3mg/L,硬度(以碳酸钙计)小于450mg/L;经电渗析器处理后的废水中氯化物浓度小于250mg/L。 本课题的经济效益分析表明,对一个年产量为2000吨的活性炭工厂,除去污染治理费用外,通过废水中活性炭颗粒的回收和废水的再利用,每年可以为活性炭工厂带来近40多万元的收入。 活性炭废水治理与回用工艺的研究,摒弃了以往的传统方法,开辟了一条全新的高效的活性炭废水治理新思路,使活性炭工厂在获得环境效益的同时,也能获得一定的社会效益和经济效益。
【Abstract】 A large amount of wastewate is discharged from the production proceed of active carbon, which can bring about environmental pollution if not disposed. The water pollution is severe in our country. And we also have strong resource shortage. So the thesis is mainly about the Research on the Treatment and Recycle of Active Carbon Wastewater from the active carbon production. From the concept of cleaner production, it makes efforts to reduce the amount of wastes and utilizes the wastes comprehensively. The technological process of the paper concludes the steps as follows: separate and recover the active carbon in the wastewater, remove the ferrous iron, the hardness and the chloride in the wastewater. By use of the micro filtration membrane, the active carbon is separated from the wastewater effectively and the separating effectiveness reaches 99% above. The removal of ferrous iron and harness will achieve by neutralization and precipitation. After treatment, the concentration of total iron ions is below 0.3mgIL, and the concentration of hardness is below 450mg/L. Through the electrodialysis, the concentration of chlorides is below 250mg/L. After the treatment, the wastewater not only meet the discharged wastewater standard, but also can be reused to wash the road, the playground of workshops and so on, or reused in the production proceed of active carbon. The economic analysis in the paper finds that it will get more than 400,000 yuan per year if the factory recycle the active carbon in the wastewater and reuse the wastewater in different ways. The research on the treatment and recycle of active carbon wastewater finds a new possible way to dispose and recycle the wastewater effectively.
【Key words】 active carbon wastewater; microfiltration; precipitation; electrodialysis;
- 【网络出版投稿人】 北京工业大学 【网络出版年期】2002年 01期
- 【分类号】X781
- 【下载频次】630