冷却水系统中生物垢影响因素的研究

【作者】 于瑞红；

【导师】 刘天庆；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 化学工程， 2000， 硕士

【摘要】 本文总结了有关固体壁面上生物垢的形成机理及目前的研究现状。研究了模拟冷却水系统中荧光假单胞菌在固体壁画上的动态结垢过程。采用直径测量法和称重法获得了生物垢生长曲线，利用显微—摄像装置记录了生物垢形成的动态过程，从而为实际生产中寻找防垢及抗垢方法提供数据和图像资料。 另外，对微生物在不同材料表面上的结垢过程进行了实验研究和理论分析。对固体材料的表面粗糙度、表面能、固体材料与液体之间的界面能及固体材料与生物垢之间的界面能进行了测量和计算。重点考察了表面粗糙度、疏水性、表面能、固体材料与液体间的界面能及固体材料与生物垢间的界面能对生物垢形成的影响。同时对不同固体材料表面上的生物垢层作了SEM分析。 最后，利用模糊数学手段，建立了固体材料的化学组成和流体流速与生物垢形成难易程度之间的数学模型，用于评价及预测不同条件下的生物垢形成情况。 实验研究和理论分析表明：固体材料的表面粗糙度越大，越有利于生物垢的形成。固体材料的疏水性、表面能、固体材料与液体间的界面能对生物垢形成的影响没有简单明确的规律。固体材料与生物垢间的界面能对平均生物垢量有一个最佳值。当固-生物垢之间的界面能低于最佳值时，平均生物垢量随界面能的增大而增加，当固-生物垢之间的界面能高于最佳值时，平均生物垢量随界面能的增大而减少。生物垢的形成与固体材料的化学组成有关，不同的固体材料具有不同的生物亲和性。本文建立的生物垢形成的综合评价及预测模型能够比较好地评价和预测不同条件下的生物垢形成情况。更多还原

【Abstract】 The mechanism of biofouling formation on solid surfaces and current research work about biofouling were summarized first in this paper. Then, the fouling process of Pseudomonas fluorescens on solid surfaces in the simulated cooling water system was investigated. The evolution curves of biofouling were obtained by way of diameter measure and weighting, arid the dynamic behavior of biofouling was recorded by means of microvideo technology. The results provide the data and image materials for the fouling prevention and mitigation in the realistic production.Moreover, the fouling processes of microbes on different material surfaces were investigated experimentally and analyzed theoretically. The surface roughness, contact angle, surface free energy of solid materials and interfacial energy between solid material and liquid, interfacial energy between solid material and biofouling were identified. The effects of all these parameters on the biofouling formation were studied emphatically. The results show that the larger the surface roughness is, the easier the material surface is to be colonized. There is a preferable value of interfacial energy between solid material and biofouling for biofouling formation. At the same time, the SEM micrographs of biofouling on different material surfaces were analyzed theoretically.Finally, the comprehensive evaluation and prediction model of fuzzy mathematics was built. The induction period and average biofouling mass on different materials were calculated according to the chemical compositions of solid materials and flow velocity. The model can evaluate and predict the biofouling development well.更多还原