超大容量赝电容器氧化镍电极材料的研究

【作者】 何莉；

【导师】 陈艾；

【作者基本信息】 电子科技大学 ， 微电子学与固体电子学， 2000， 硕士

【摘要】 超大容量赝电容器是一种性能介于电池和传统电容器之间的新型高功率储能器件，它的质量电容密度比双电层电容高10-100倍。赝电容有其独特的反应机理。 本研究用电化学阴极沉积法在镍片上制备了氧化镍超大容量赝电容电极材料，由此形成的电容密度达40mF/cm~2。研究发现电解液浓度、沉积温度和加热温度是影响膜电容性能的主要因素。一定浓度的钴掺杂会显著提高电容量和大电流充放电时电容的稳定性。 本文讨论了赝电容的作用原理，发现当充放电电流较小时，氧化镍电极的电化学反应发生在电极表面；随着电流增大，反应向体内深入，电容逐渐向电池转化。氧化镍的多价态共存是构成赝电容的另一必要条件。 在活性碳纤维上沉积氧化镍，电容量数倍于单独的碳电极电容和氧化镍电容，从而表明这一工艺方法具有发展前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nickel Oxide, one kind of electrode materials of the electrochemical super- pseudo-capacitor, is developed by the way of cathode electro-deposition. 4OmFIcm2is achieved. It seems that the electrolyte concentration, the depositing temperature and the heat treatment temperature mainly control its property. Doped cobalt with a certain concentration can greatly enhance the capacitance as well as its stability in large-current discharge. In the case of small current the electrochemical reaction is located on the surface of the electrode. It moves into the body as the current increases, so that it converts from the capacitor model to the battery model. The other indispensable condition for nickel oxide to be a pseudo-capacitor is that it contains multiple states of charge. Nickel oxide is also deposited into activated carbon fiber cloth, which brings about the capacitance several times of that of carbon electrode or nickel oxide electrode only.更多还原