【作者】 王先杰；

【导师】 陈友；

【作者基本信息】 东北农业大学 ， 蔬菜学， 2000， 硕士

【摘要】 设施园艺是设施农业的重要组成部分，是指在采用各种材料建成的，具有对温、光、水、肥、气等环境因素控制的空间里，进行园艺作物栽培的农业生产手法，是环境控制工程。受到广泛关注和应用的是塑料大棚、节能日光温室和近几年引进国外现代化大型温室。本研究不是针对设施园艺，而是随着设施园艺的进一步发展，在满足周年生产的基础上，使其成为旅游观光农业的主要景点之一。单纯的设施园艺生产已不能满足时代的需求，旅游观光农业的兴起为设施园艺的进一步发展注入了新的生机。观光农业是指合理开发利用农业自然资源，把农业生产经营活动和发展旅游结合起来，通过优化农业生产结构和品种，合理规划布局，达到美化景观、保护环境、提供观光旅游、调剂性劳动、学习及新鲜食物享用的一种农业。旅游观光农业是一门新兴的产业，这种产业是将农业和旅游业融为一体，成为多功能现代农业的典范。 我省旅游观光农业则刚刚起步，目前尚未有这方面的报道和技术依据，故效果不好，普及面不大，主要原因是我省地处高纬度地区，冬季寒冷，除开展冰雪旅游项目外，冬季观光农业无法实施。因此，研究设施园艺在旅游观光农业中的规划设计及应用，寻求切实可行的实施方法和提高农业景观的途径，成为我省乃至高寒地区开展旅游观光农业的关键。 本研究通过设施园艺在省农科院园艺分院的规划设计与应用，在哈市农科所的规划设计与应用、大庆市农科所的规划设计应用、大庆希望田园的规划设计与应用，得出相应的类型模式及所包涵的内容，以便为设施园艺在旅游观光农业中的设计与应用提供理论依据。 研究结果表明： 科技型设施园艺旅游观光农业，应以科技含量高、结构合理、种植手段先进、现代化科学管理等技术的设施园艺为观光主要内容，同时结合辅助设施如模型、展板、多媒体等教学手段给观光游人提供良好的学习农业知识场所。以获得更多的游人尤其是城市居民。 都市型设施园艺旅游观光农业，地理位置优越，一般在市区或是近郊，交通方便，基础设施较好，配套合理，尤其以大型现代化温室的室内景观吸引游人观光游览，以解决本地区冬季景观之不足，同时为游人提供一处环境优美、景色怡人、具有田园风光的休闲观光场所。 产业型设施园艺旅游观光农业是以设施园艺的规模、数量带动旅游观光农业的发展，设施园艺占总面积50％以上。 王先杰 摘要2000年5月 休闲型设施园艺旅游观光农业，是本研究的重点。通常面积在 100公顷以上，设施依据观光内容不同而各异；主要内容以休闲、度假、娱乐、科普、教育、劳动等项目为主。 通过部分类型的初步验证，经济效益可观，社会效益显著。说明在高寒地区，设施园艺在旅游观光农业中的模式有广阔前景，当然，针对存在的问题提出了自己的看法和观点。更多还原

【Abstract】 Facility horticulture is one mainly compositional element of facility agriculture. It is made of kinds of materials. It is the space that has the founctions to control the temperatures, lights, water, fertilizers, and air. It is also the producting ways to culture crops, and engineerings to control environment. It is plastic house and light warm green house that can economize energy and big mordenized green house from other countries. All of them are paid close attentations to and applied. This experiment researches how to make it be a mainly landscape of travelling- appreciating agriculture. When facility horticulture develops and it be content with the whole year production. Travelling-appreciating agriculture development supply a new vitality for facility horticulture devecopment, travelling-appreciating agriculture (t-a-a) is a kind of agriculture who can reasonable use agriculture resources, compound the activity such as production and travelling, design and make environment beautiful, protect environment, supply landscape for travelling, relaxation work, study and enjoy fresh food, by arranging the construction of agriculture and spieces. T-a-a is a new estate who compound agriculture and travelling, It will be model for morden and more functions agriculture. T-a-a in HeiLongjiang province has been just started. There aren any reports and teenological foundatinons on this fact. The mainly causes are: Our province is in the coldest zone, its winter is much colder than others. In winter T-a-a can be realized besides ice-snow travelling. So research designing and applying on find possible plans and ways to improve agriculture lands cape. Above of them are the keys of t-a-a in our province and the coldest zone. This designing researches the applications of t-a-a in horticulture branch of agricalture scientific institute. Agriculture scientific institute of Harbin, agriculture scientific Institute of Da Qing city, Hope manor of Da Qing city. Then the relevant contents and type model are gotten. In order to provide scientific foundations for designing and application on facility horticulture in t-a-a the conclusions shows: I. The science and technology type fecility horticulture in t-a-a: It should contain these contents by high content in science and techology. reasonable constructure, advanced manners in planting, morden and scientific management. It should also combine model, showing board, CAl and so on to supply studying space for agriculture knowledge in order to get more travellers and city residents. 2. The urban type facility horticulture in t-a-a: It should have superior cite, (be in city or near city in generally), have convenient traffic,better basis facility reasonable disposes. It should absorb more travellers by its great and morden green houses.. land scape, and make landscape in winter plenty, supply such space for travellers having charming environment, field landscape 3. The industrial type facility horticulture in t-a-a: Facility horticulture area should attain more than 50 percentage in t-a-a. This type make t- a-a develop by its scale quantity. 4. The relaxation type facility horticulture in t-a-a: This type is the mainly factor at this researching. In generally its areas can attain more than 100 hectare. Its facilities are different according to the contents of travelling. Its contents contain relaxation, vacation, entertaiment, science, education and work. Facility horticulture has great economical and social effect by part types. It shows that in the coldest zone facili更多还原