【摘要】 目的 分析陕西省6月龄至6岁儿童血红蛋白（Hb）水平，探究其影响因素。方法 采用多阶段随机抽样方法，选取陕西省4个县（区）共1076名6月龄至6岁儿童为研究对象，通过末梢血检测Hb水平，并对家长或监护人进行问卷调查。采用单因素分析和多元线性回归分析探讨Hb水平的影响因素。结果 不同月龄组儿童Hb水平差异有统计学意义（t=51.606,P<0.001）。Hb平均值随年龄增长而升高。单因素分析显示，月龄、胎龄、喂养方式、母乳喂养停止时间、是否按规律添加辅食、母亲文化程度、是否补充铁剂和钙剂对Hb水平有显著影响（P<0.05）。多元线性回归分析表明，月龄（β=0.341,P<0.001）、人工喂养（β=0.131,P=0.002）、8～12月龄停止母乳喂养（β=0.141,P<0.001）和≥19月龄（β=0.072,P=0.044）是影响Hb水平的主要因素（P<0.05）。结论 陕西省6月龄至6岁儿童Hb水平总体正常，月龄、喂养方式和母乳喂养停止时间是主要影响因素。建议6月龄以上纯母乳喂养儿童及时添加富含铁食物，母乳不足时及时添加配方奶粉，母乳喂养停止时间以8～12月龄为宜。6～12月龄Hb水平在110～119 g/L的儿童可作为贫血预防的重点人群，为早期干预提供依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the hemoglobin(Hb) levels of children aged 6 months to 6 years in Shaanxi Province and explore its influencing factors. Methods A multi-stage random sampling method was used to select 1076 children aged from 6 months to 6 years in 4 counties(districts) of Shaanxi Province as the research objects. The level of Hb was detected by peripheral blood, and a questionnaire survey was conducted on parents or guardians. Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to explore the influencing factors of Hb level. Results There was a statistically significant difference in hemoglobin(Hb) levels among children of different age groups(t=51.606, P<0.001). The average Hb level increased with age. Univariate analysis showed that age, gestational age, feeding behavior, time of breastfeeding cessation, regular complementary food addition, maternal education level, iron supplementation, and calcium supplementation had significant effects on Hb levels(P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that age(β=0.341, P<0.001), artificial feeding(β=0.131, P=0.002), breastfeeding cessation at 8-12 months of age(β=0.141, P<0.001), and ≥19 months of age(β=0.072, P=0.044) were the main factors influencing Hb levels(P<0.05). Conclusion The overall hemoglobin(Hb) levels of children aged 6 months to 6 years in Shaanxi Province are normal. Age in months, feeding behavior, and breastfeeding cessation time are the main influencing factors. Children aged 6-12 months with Hb levels ranging from 110–119 g/L can be considered as the key population for anemia prevention, providing a basis for early intervention. It is recommended that children over 6 months old who are exclusively breastfed be promptly given iron-rich foods. When breast milk is insufficient, formula milk powder should be added. The appropriate time to stop breastfeeding is from 8 to 12 months old. Children aged 6– 12 months with Hb levels ranging from 110–119 g/L can be considered as the key population for anemia prevention, providing a basis for early intervention.更多还原