【摘要】 食用菌废菌棒（栽培废料）是食用菌生产过程中的主要副产物，富含有机质、菌丝蛋白、纤维素及矿物质元素，具有较高的资源化利用价值。随着食用菌产业的快速发展，废菌棒大量堆积已成为造成环境污染和资源浪费的重要问题。本文系统综述了近年来废菌棒资源化利用的研究进展，主要包括肥料与基质应用、饲料化应用、能源化利用和高值化应用，以及废菌棒资源化利用面临的各类挑战，如技术难题、经济可行性、区域发展和政策支持等。未来研究应聚焦智能化处理、产业协同及政策支持，以推动废菌棒的高效循环利用，助力食用菌产业可持续发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Spent mushroom substrate(SMS), also known as cultivation waste, was the main byproduct in the production process of edible fungus. It was rich in organic matter, mycelial protein, cellulose and mineral elements, and had high value for resource utilization. With the rapid development of the edible fungi industry, the massive accumulation of SMS had become an important problem causing environmental pollution and resource waste. This paper systematically reviewed the research progress on the resource utilization of SMS in recent years, mainly including its applications as fertilizer and cultivation medium, feed utilization, energy utilization and high-value utilization. Meanwhile, various challenges in the resource utilization of SMS were summarized, including technical difficulties, economic feasibility, regional development and policy support. Future research should focus on intelligent processing, industrial collaboration and policy support to promote the efficient recycling of SMS and facilitate the sustainable development of the edible fungus industry.更多还原