【摘要】 “标本中气”是运气学理论的主要内容之一,旨在讨论六气气化“之变”。其分为两部分。第一,从理论本义讲是六气关系,是以六气为本,通过“标—中”阴阳两两配属表达六气组合关系。即某气主令时段中,气化异动,本气外见另一气化征象之情况,“中”即时间之中,非后世所强调的“中和”。第二,从理论应用讲是标本“从化”。“从本、从本标、从中”均应指向六气,最终落地于寒、火、热、湿四气。因此,“标本中气”实质系阐释六气“之变”的气化关系及主体气化要素,彰显临证治疗主次之理论。此与《黄帝内经》全文所强调的致病气候性因素重寒、暑,环境性因素重寒、湿,以及《素问·至真要大论篇》“病机十九条”所强调的核心病机观念一致。更多还原

【Abstract】 “Manifestation-Essence and Qi of the Middle Jiao”(Biao Ben Zhong Qi) constitutes one of the core components of Yunqi theory,aiming to elucidate the variations in the Qi transformation of the Six Qi. The theory comprises two main aspects. First,in its original theoretical sense,it describes the relationships among the Six Qi,treating the Six Qi as the fundamental basis(Ben),while employing the Yin-Yang paired associations of “Biao—Zhong” to express combinatorial relationships of the Six Qi. Specifically,during a period dominated by a particular Qi,if an abnormal transformation occurs,the Ben Qi may externally manifest signs of another Qi transformation. Here,“Zhong” refers to the midpoint of a time period,not the later-emphasized concept of “neutralization”(Zhonghe). Second,in practical application,the theory concerns the “congruent transformation”(Conghua) of Biao and Ben. The principles of “following the Ben”,“following both Ben and Biao”,and “following the Zhong” should all refer to the Six Qi,ultimately manifesting in the four Qi of Cold,Fire,Heat,and Dampness. Therefore,the essence of “Biao Ben Zhong Qi” is to explain the transformational relationships and principal elements of the Six Qi in their variations,highlighting the theoretical basis for determining primary and secondary considerations in clinical treatment. This aligns with the emphasis in the Inner Canon of Huangdi on climatic pathogenic factors focusing on Cold and Summer-Heat,environmental factors emphasizing Cold and Dampness,and the core pathological mechanisms highlighted in the "Nineteen Items of Pathogenesis" from the Basic Questions·On the Most Profound Principles.更多还原