【摘要】 目的 了解江苏省无锡市住宅室内氡浓度及其分布特征，为室内氡风险评估与健康防护提供依据。方法 于2023年4—9月，采用分层随机抽样方法抽取无锡市6个区（市）的120户居民住宅为测量点，监测3个月；选择27户住宅分别在春季和夏季同一位置监测。采用Rn-2012型被动累积式氡杯进行采样，蚀刻后采用TASLimage固体核径迹蚀刻测量分析系统测定氡浓度；分析不同地区、楼层、季节和建筑年代的室内氡浓度，并估算室内氡所致的年有效剂量。结果 无锡市室内氡浓度为（62.43±40.41） Bq/m~3,>100 Bq/m~3的测量点12个，占10.00%；室内氡所致公众年均有效剂量为2.04 m Sv。滨湖区、梁溪区、新吴区、惠山区、锡山区和宜兴市室内氡浓度分别为（68.13±41.13）(42.63±24.86)(70.00±40.37)(41.97±24.52)(65.50±48.44)(56.04±27.49) Bq/m~3，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。1～5层、6～9层、10～20层和>20层室内氡浓度M(Q_R)分别为49.20(29.68)、67.60(62.00)、76.09(49.65)和48.26(17.27) Bq/m~3，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。27个测量点夏季室内氡浓度为（96.86±13.01） Bq/m~3，高于春季的（59.00±10.20） Bq/m~3(P<0.05)。1990—2009年住宅氡浓度M(Q_R)为48.00(33.92) Bq/m~3,2010—2023年氡浓度M(Q_R)为53.80(41.25) Bq/m~3，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 无锡市住宅室内氡浓度均值低于我国规定的年均氡浓度目标水平，但室内氡所致公众年均有效剂量较高，需关注建材类型、季节变化和通风状况对氡浓度的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the indoor radon concentration and its distribution characteristics in residential buildings in Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, so as to provide the evidence for indoor radon risk assessment and health protection. Methods From April to September 2023, a stratified random sampling method was used to select 120 residential units from 6 districts(cities) in Wuxi City as measurement points, with monitoring conducted over a period of 3 months. Additionally, 27 residential units were selected for monitoring at the same location in both spring and summer.Sampling was performed using Rn-2012 passive cumulative radon cups, and radon concentration was measured using the TASLimage solid state nuclear track detector etching measurement and analysis system after etching. Indoor radon concentrations were analyzed by region, floor level, season, and building age, and the annual effective dose attributable to indoor radon was estimated. Results The mean indoor radon concentration in Wuxi City was(62.43±40.41) Bq/m~3.Twelve measurement points(10.00%) had radon concentrations >100 Bq/m~3. The average annual effective dose to the public from indoor radon was 2.04 mSv. The mean indoor radon concentrations in Binhu District, Liangxi District, Xinwu District, Huishan District, Xishan District, and Yixing City were(68.13±41.13),(42.63±24.86),(70.00±40.37),(41.97±24.52),(65.50±48.44), and(56.04±27.49) Bq/m~3, respectively, with no statistically significant difference(P>0.05). The median indoor radon concentrations for floors 1-5, 6-9, 10-20, and >20 were 49.20(interquartile range, 29.68), 67.60(interquartile range, 62.00), 76.09(interquartile range, 49.65), and 48.26(interquartile range, 17.27) Bq/m~3, respectively,with no statistically significant difference(P>0.05). Among the 27 measurement points, the mean summer indoor radon concentration was(96.86±13.01) Bq/m~3, which was significantly higher than that in spring(59.00±10.20) Bq/m~3(P<0.05).The median radon concentration for residential buildings constructed between 1990 and 2009 was 48.00(interquartile range, 33.92) Bq/m~3, and that for buildings constructed between 2010 and 2023 was 53.80(interquartile range, 41.25)Bq/m~3, with no statistically significant difference(P>0.05). Conclusions The mean indoor radon concentration in residential buildings in Wuxi City is below the national annual average radon concentration target level. However, the annual effective dose to the public attributable to indoor radon is relatively high. Attention should be paid to the effects of building material type, seasonal variation, and ventilation conditions on radon concentration.更多还原