【摘要】 以废纺织物、回收塑料（瓶盖）为原料，通过切断、开松和预包覆等对废纺织物进行了预处理，采用连续密炼挤出和注塑成型方法制备了纺织纤维增强塑料复合材料，并利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、旋转流变仪和万能拉伸试验机分析了废纺纤维预处理工艺对废纺纤维-回收塑料复合材料结构与性能的影响。结果表明：纤维形态显著影响复合材料性能，其中小块丝状纤维增强效果最佳，所得复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度分别达到23.61 MPa和25.31 MPa，较未增强回收瓶盖基体分别提升23.87%和87.64%，较大块状纤维复合材料分别提高11.16%和8.44%。微观结构分析表明，适当的纤维尺寸控制可显著改善分散性，通过脱粘和拔出机制有效阻碍裂纹扩展。流变学研究表明，小块丝状纤维能够更好地形成稳定的纤维网络结构。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study utilized waste textiles and recycled plastics(bottle cap) as raw materials. The waste textiles were pretreated through cutting, opening, and pre-coating processes. Textile fiber-reinforced plastic composites were prepared using continuous internal mixing extrusion and injection molding methods. The effects of pretreatment techniques on the structure and properties of the waste textile fiber/recycled plastic composites were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, rotational rheometry, and universal tensile testing. The results demonstrated that fiber morphology significantly influences composite performance, with small flake-shaped fibers exhibiting the most pronounced reinforcement effect. The resulting composites achieved tensile and flexural strengths of 23.61 MPa and 25.31 MPa, respectively, representing 23.87% and 87.64% improvements over the unreinforced recycled bottle cap matrix, and 11.16% and 8.44% enhancements compared to composites containing larger fiber fragments. Microstructural analysis revealed that appropriate fiber size control significantly improves dispersion, effectively hindering crack propagation through debonding and pull-out mechanisms. Rheological studies indicated that small flake-shaped fibers facilitate the formation of a more stable fiber network structure, endowing the composite with superior dynamic mechanical response.更多还原