【摘要】 针对暴雨载荷下船舶外部结构声学特性问题，以天幕、露天甲板和舷窗玻璃为研究对象，通过实验模拟暴雨的产生，在不同雨量且测试结构与水平面夹角分别呈0°、15°、30°的各工况下进行声学测试，采用声压法获取这3种外部结构在不同雨量下的噪声信息，并开展频谱分析以及特征对比。结果表明，各工况辐射噪声量级主要集中在低中频段，3种外部结构受激平均声压级随雨量的增大而增高，随倾斜角的增大而降低，且相对于雨量的增大，倾斜角度对各结构的声振强度影响更大。相同条件下，天幕的平均声压级>舷窗玻璃的平均声压级>露天甲板的平均声压级。所得结论对远洋客船的自主设计研发和噪声控制具有一定的指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The acoustic characteristics of ship’s external structures under heavy rainfall loads were investigated. The canopy, open deck, and porthole glass were taken as the objects of investigation. Experimental simulations were conducted to replicate heavy rain conditions, and acoustic tests were performed under varying levels of rainfall intensity for the structures at inclination angles of 0°, 15°, and 30° respectively. The sound pressure method was employed to measure the noise information for the three kinds of external structures under different rainfall conditions. Spectrum analysis and feature comparison were also carried out. The results indicate that the magnitude of radiation noise is primarily concentrated in the low and middle frequency range. The average excited sound pressure level of the three external structures increases with the increase of rainfall, and decreases with the increase of inclination angle. The inclination angle has a greater influence on the acoustic intensity of each structure than the increase of rainfall. The average sound pressure level of the canopy is found to be the highest under identical conditions, while the open deck exhibits the lowest average sound pressure level. The obtained conclusions hold some guiding significance for the independent design and development of ocean passenger ships, as well as for noise control measures.更多还原