【摘要】 企业以各种形式压榨员工的现象在世界范围内普遍存在,在组织行为领域剥削型领导主题引起了较多关注,但关于组织剥削问题的研究仍然匮乏。本研究旨在探究组织剥削感的负面效应,基于社会交换理论,提出组织剥削感破坏员工与组织之间的心理契约,进而激发员工非伦理行为,促进焦点和防御焦点在上述过程中发挥调节作用。本研究收集了来自深圳等地互联网和房地产企业289份员工问卷,并进行层次回归分析。结果显示:组织剥削感正向影响员工的非伦理行为,心理契约破裂在其中起到中介作用;促进焦点正向调节心理契约破裂的中介效应,防御焦点负向调节心理契约破裂的中介效应;促进焦点和防御焦点联合调节心理契约破裂和非伦理行为之间的关系。具体而言,当个体具备高促进焦点—低防御焦点时,心理契约破裂对非伦理行为的影响增强,而当个体具备低促进焦点—高防御焦点时,心理契约破裂对非伦理行为的影响减弱。以上结果对于认清并减少组织剥削的负面影响具有一定启发意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The phenomenon of organizational exploitation—defined as employees’ perceptions that their organization systematically extracts value from them without providing commensurate returns—is increasingly prevalent across global industries. While exploitative leadership has garnered substantial scholarly attention in organizational behavior research, the broader construct of organizational exploitation remains underexplored. Grounded in social exchange theory, this study investigates how perceived organizational exploitation triggers employees’ unethical behaviors. We propose that psychological contract between employees and the organization mediates the above relationship and promotion focus and prevention focus(both individually and in interaction) serve as boundary conditions under which this mediation is strengthened or attenuated. This study collected 289 questionnaire responses from employees in internet and real estate firms in cities such as Shenzhen and analyzed the data using hierarchical regression. The results show that perceived organizational exploitation significantly predicts employee unethical behavior and that this relationship is mediated by psychological contract breach. Promotion focus amplifies the impact of psychological contract breach on unethical behavior, whereas prevention focus negatively moderates the aforementioned relationship. Moreover, the two regulatory foci interact such that the indirect effect is strongest when promotion focus is high and prevention focus is low, and weakest when promotion focus is low and prevention focus is high. These findings advance theoretical understanding of exploitation dynamics in organizations and offer practical insights for mitigating its unethical consequences.更多还原