【摘要】 职教高考制度是推动新时代职业教育高质量发展的战略选择。综合运用政策文本分析与实践观察两种方法，对职教高考制度进行系统性审视。前项研究借助政策工具分类对190份政策文本进行编码分析，发现职教高考制度呈现结构性分置的特点，央地协同治理薄弱，缺少在具体实现机制上的分述规范。后项研究通过对31个省份职教高考实践过程的考察，从组织结构、信息平台、人员范围、录取形态等方面揭示制度运行状态及现实束缚。结果显示，当前职教高考制度存在基础范畴不清、政策供给相对滞后的制度设计缺陷，对制度建设的先决性问题缺乏深入理论探讨，实践呈现属地化治理特征但社会建构薄弱。从长远看，应明确多元目的体系间的优先级排序以释放其结构性功能，顶层设计应清晰区分普职两类高考制度定位，探索独特的构建式生成路径并提升正当性建设，推动职教高考成为兼具内在一致性与外部公信力的制度安排。更多还原

【Abstract】 The vocational college entrance examination system is a strategic choice for promoting the high-quality development of vocational education in the new era. A systematic examination of the vocational college entrance examination system is implemented by comprehensively applying the methods of policy text analysis and practical observation. The previous study, the policy text analysis, using the classification of policy tools to code and analyze 190 policy texts, finds that the vocational college entrance examination system exhibits the characteristic of structural separation, weak central-local collaborative governance and a lack of detailed elaboration and norms on specific implementation mechanisms. The subsequent study,practical observation, reveals the operational situation and practical constraint of the system from organizational structure, information platform, personnel scope, and admission form through the investigation of the process of vocational college entrance examination practices in 31 provinces. The results show that the current vocational college entrance examination system has defects in the unclear basic category, relatively lagging policy supply in the system design, a lack of in-depth theoretical exploration of the prerequisite issues for institutional construction, and the practice presents localization governance feature but has a weak social construction. In the long term, it is necessary to clarify the priority ranking among multiple purpose systems to release their structural functions. The top-level design should clearly distinguish the positioning of general and vocational college entrance examination systems. It also should explore a unique generative path of construction, and enhance the legitimacy construction to promote the vocational college entrance examination to become a system arrangement with internal consistency and external credibility.更多还原