【摘要】 目的：通过潜在模型分析天津某高校2018—2023年新生的体质特征，为学校体质健康促进工作提供参考。方法：以天津某高校2018—2023年入学新生为研究对象，入学1周内进行体检，测量身高、体重等指标，并进行趋势性卡方检验，比较不同年份学生的血压异常率、BMI异常率、胸围超平均率、握力体重指数良好率以及心率异常率。基于血压、BMI、胸围、握力体重指数、心率5项指标，采用LCA对学生进行分类。结果：学生的超重肥胖率和心率异常率随年份呈上升趋势(P<0.05),而胸围超平均率、握力体重指数良好率、心电图异常率则呈下降趋势(P<0.05)。血压异常率未显示年份变化趋势(χ~2=0.04,P=0.964)。LCA模型结果显示学生可分为3类：虚胖型(23.6%)、健康型(20.8%)和孱弱型(55.6%)。结论：大学新生的体质类型存在差异，应根据不同体质健康类别学生的特点，提出更有针对性的干预措施，以促进其体质改善。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To analyze physical characteristics of freshmen at a university in Tianjin from 2018 to 2023 using latent model analysis, providing insights for the promotion of physical initiatives within the schools.Methods: New students enrolled in a university in Tianjin from 2018 to 2023.Height, weight, and other indicators were measured within one week after enrollment.Measurements included height, weight, and other metrics, followed by trend chi-square tests to compare the prevalence of BMI,blood pressure, abnormal heart rate, above-average chest circumference and body mass index of grip strength of students in different years.Latent Class Analysis(LCA) was employed to categorize the abnormal blood pressure, abnormal BMI, above-average chest circumference, satisfactory grip-strength-to-weight index, and abnormal heart rate. Results: The overweight obesity rate and abnormal heart rate showed an increasing trend over the years(P<0.05),whereas the above-average chest circumference rate, good grip body mass index rate and abnormal electrocardiogram results showed a decreasing trend(P<0.05).The abnormal blood pressure rate had no significant trend over the years( χ~2=0.04,P=0.964).The results from the LCA model indicated that students could be classified into three categories: “overfat” type(23.6%),the “healthy” type(20.8%) and and the “weak” type(55.6%).Conclusion: College freshmen exhibit different types of physical health types.It is essential to propose more targeted intervention based on the characteristics of students from various physical health categories to promote improvements in their physical health.更多还原