【摘要】 目的 分析2014—2023年河南省居民道路交通伤害死亡趋势及早死寿命损失情况，为制定道路交通伤害防控策略提供依据。方法 数据来源于河南省国家级死因监测点2014—2023年全部道路交通伤害死亡个案，采用SPSS21.0软件计算粗死亡率、标化死亡率、早死所致寿命损失年（YLL）等指标，采用Joinpoint 4.9.0.0软件计算平均年度变化百分比（AAPC），分析趋势变化。结果 河南省居民道路交通伤害粗死亡率从2014年的18.32/10万下降至2023年的14.48/10万，下降趋势有统计学意义（AAPC=-3.51%,P<0.01）。除60岁以上年龄组外，其余年龄组粗死亡率均呈现下降趋势（P<0.01），男性粗死亡率高于女性，差异有统计学意义（χ~2=7 429.12,P<0.01）。城市粗死亡率由2014年的14.20/10万下降至2023年的11.94/10万，农村居民粗死亡率由2014年的19.50/10万下降至2023年的15.28/10万，下降趋势均有统计学意义（AAPC值分别为-3.06%、-3.54%,P<0.01,P<0.05）。行人、骑（乘）摩托车人员、驾（乘）小汽车人员粗死亡率呈现下降趋势（AAPC值分别为-4.91%、-6.23%、-7.27%,P<0.01），驾（乘）三轮机动车人员粗死亡率呈上升趋势（AAPC=5.04%,P<0.01）。2014—2023年河南省居民道路交通伤害YLL率、标化YLL率均呈现下降趋势（AAPC值分别为-5.87%、-5.95%,P<0.01），男性和女性YLL率降幅分别为-6.63%和-3.54%(P<0.01)，城市和农村YLL率降幅分别为-5.64%和-5.83%(P<0.01)。结论 2014—2023年河南省道路交通伤害死亡率及早死所致疾病负担均呈现下降趋势，但整体水平高于全国，建议重点针对男性、农村地区及60岁以上老年人强化综合防控措施，进一步降低死亡风险与疾病负担。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the trends of road traffic injury mortality and years of life lost among residents in Henan Province from 2014 to 2023,and provide evidence for formulating prevention and control strategies. Methods Data were from all road traffic injury-related death cases reported by national monitoring sites in Henan Province from 2014 to 2023. SPSS 21.0 software was used to calculate the crude mortality rate,the standardized mortality rate,years of life lost(YLL),the Joinpoint 4.9.0.0 software was used to calculate the Average Annual Percentage Change(AAPC) and to analyze trend changes. Results The crude mortality rate of road traffic injuries among residents in Henan Province decreased from 18.32/10~5 in 2014 to 14.48/10~5 in 2023,the downward trend was statistically significant(AAPC=-3.51%,P<0.01). With the exception of the ≥60 years old group,the crude mortality rates in all other age groups showed a declining trend(P<0.01);the crude mortality rate of males was significantly higher than that of females （ χ~2=7 429.12,P <0.01）. The urban crude mortality rate significantly decreased from 14.20/10~5 in 2014 to11.94/10~5 in 2023;the crude mortality rate among rural residents decreased from 19.50/10~5 in 2014 to 15.28/10~5 in 2023;the downward trends were statistically significant(AAPC values were-3.06% and-3.54%,respectively,P <0.01 or P <0.05). The crude mortality rates for pedestrians,motorcycle drivers(riders),and car drivers(riders) showed a significant declining trend(AAPC values were-4.91%,-6.23%,and-7.27%,respectively,P<0.01);the crude mortality rate among drivers(riders) of three-wheeled motor vehicles showed an significant increasing trend(AAPC =5.04%,P <0.01).From 2014 to 2023,both the absolute and standardized YLL rates of road traffic injuries among residents in Henan Province showed a significant declining trend(AAPC values were-5.87% and-5.95%,respectively,P <0.01);the reductions in YLL rates were-6.63% for males and-3.54% for females(P<0.01),while the decreases in urban and rural YLL rates were-5.64% and-5.83%,respectively(P<0.01). Conclusion From 2014 to 2023,both the crude mortality rate from road traffic injury and the disease burden caused by premature death in Henan Province showed decreasing trends,but the overall levels remained higher than the national average. It is recommended to strengthen comprehensive prevention and control measures for males,rural populations,and older adults(aged ≥60 years) to further reduce road traffic injury mortality and disease burden.更多还原