【摘要】 脑卒中是一种由血管原因引起的急性神经功能缺损，致残率和死亡率较高，造成了严重的社会和经济负担。早期评估和个性化康复方案对脑卒中患者的功能恢复至关重要。与传统的评估方法相比，功能性近红外光谱技术(fNIRS)不仅成本更低、便于携带，并且抗运动伪影能力强，在脑卒中患者的康复评估中具有广阔的应用前景。本文综述了fNIRS的基本原理及其在脑卒中后运动、语言、认知、精神和吞咽功能障碍评估中的应用进展。既往研究表明，fNIRS能够有效检测脑区激活和功能连接变化，为康复治疗提供重要依据。然而，fNIRS在实际应用中仍存在一些局限性，例如探测深度相对有限、容易受到外界信号干扰等。因此，未来需要加强多领域研究，扩大样本量，并结合多模态技术，进一步推动fNIRS在脑卒中康复评估中的应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Stroke is an acute neurological deficit caused by vascular reasons, with a high rate of disability and mortality, causing a serious social and economic burden. Early assessment and personalized rehabilitation programs are crucial for the functional recovery of stroke patients. Compared with traditional assessment methods, functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS) not only has a lower cost and is portable, but also has strong resistance to motion artifacts, and has broad application prospects in the rehabilitation assessment of stroke patients. This article reviews the basic principles of fNIRS and its application progress in the assessment of motor, language, cognitive, mental and swallowing function disorders after stroke. Previous studies have shown that fNIRS can effectively detect changes in brain region activation and functional connectivity, providing important evidence for rehabilitation treatment. However, fNIRS still has some limitations in practical application, such as relatively limited detection depth and susceptibility to external signal interference. Therefore, future research needs to be strengthened in multiple fields, increase sample size, and combine with multimodal technologies to further promote the application of fNIRS in the rehabilitation assessment of stroke.更多还原