【摘要】 目的：基于功能性近红外光谱（fNIRS）探究声磁配对刺激（AM-PAS）干预引发的脑功能连接变化特征。方法：选取30名健康右利手志愿者，随机分为AM-PAS组与间歇性θ短阵脉冲刺激（iTBS）组各15人。2组受试者分别接受靶向左侧运动区（M1）的AM-PAS干预和iTBS干预，并在单次干预前后分别采集静息态数据，对脑区和半球功能连接强度进行对比分析。此外，AM-PAS组再单独接受1次AM-PAS干预并采集其干预前和干预后即刻、5min、10min、15min和20min时间点的运动诱发电位（MEP）幅值，以评估皮质-脊髓通路兴奋性。结果：AMPAS干预后MEP与基线幅值比较，干预后15min、20min幅值呈增强趋势（P<0.05,0.01）。iTBS引发的全脑、半球及跨半球的功能连接增强（P<0.05,0.01），而AM-PAS引发全脑、半球及跨半球功能连接减弱（P<0.05,0.01）。组间比较显示，AM-PAS干预后各脑区连接强度显著低于iTBS，以左半球为甚（P<0.05）。结论：AMPAS干预能够有效诱导运动输出长时程增强达20min。与iTBS引发的皮层耦合增加不同，AM-PAS干预引发广泛的皮层去同步化，其可能跟皮层下网状核相关环路活化有关。AM-PAS有望弥补现有神经调控技术在皮层下环路调节中的不足。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To verify the long-term potential effect of acoustic-magnetic paired associative stimulation(AM-PAS) on peripheral motor output and,using functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS),to investigate the cortical functional connectivity(FC) alterations induced by AM-PAS.Methods:Totally,30 healthy right-handed volunteers were recruited and randomly assigned to either the AM-PAS or intermittent theta burst stimulation(iTBS) group(n=15 each).Each participant underwent a single session of AM-PAS or iTBS targeting the left primary motor cortex(M1).Resting-state data were collected before and after the intervention.FC metrics were computed at the regional and hemispheric levels for within-group and between-group comparisons.In addition,the AM-PAS group underwent a separate intervention session during which motor evoked potentials(MEPs) were recorded at baseline and at 0,5,10,15,and 20 min post-stimulation to evaluate corticospinal excitability.Results:AM-PAS produced a progressive increase in MEP amplitude,with significant enhancement relative to baseline at 15 and 20min post-stimulation(P<0.05,0.01).In contrast to iTBS,which significantly strengthened whole-brain,interhemispheric,and interhemispheric connectivity(P<0.05,0.01),AM-PAS induced a widespread reduction in cortical connectivity(P<0.05,0.01).Between-group comparisons revealed significantly lower regional connectivity following AM-PAS than iTBS,particularly within the left hemisphere(P<0.05).Conclusion:AM-PAS effectively induces long-lasting enhancement of peripheral motor output for up to 20 min.Unlike iTBS,which promotes cortical coupling,AM-PAS triggers broad cortical desynchronization,potentially reflecting the activation of subcortical reticular circuits.These findings suggest that AMPAS may complement existing neuromodulation techniques by engaging subcortical pathways,although its precise mechanisms warrant further investigation.更多还原