【摘要】 以湖南借母溪国家级自然保护区的生物多样性调查和科学考察成果为基础，结合文献资料核实甄别，对该保护区内的国家重点保护野生植物物种构成及区系分布特征进行统计分析。结果显示：1）保护区内共分布有国家重点保护野生植物54种（含亚种、变种），隶属26科38属，其中国家一级保护植物3科3属3种，国家二级保护植物24科35属51种。从物种数量看，兰科种类最多，有18种；兰属和石斛属种类较多，分别有7种和5种。2）区系分析表明，单种科、单种属多，分布类型较复杂，且特有种占比高，反映出科、属的多样性及种的中国特有性。其中科的地理区系有8个分布型，中国特有科2科；属有11个分布型，中国特有属7属；种有7个分布类型，中国特有种达31种，占总种数的57.41%。3）濒危等级统计显示，受威胁种共计30种，包括极危（CR）2种、濒危（EN）9种、易危（VU）19种。此外，该保护区内国家重点保护野生植物的物种密度为0.414 1种/km~2，处于较高水平。4）生活型统计显示，草本植物种数占优势，其占比达53.70%。鉴于兰科、重楼属和石斛属等草本植物具有较高观赏和药用价值，需采取特别措施予以保护。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on biodiversity surveys and scientific expeditions in the Hunan Jiemuxi National Nature Reserve, combined with verification and validation of literature data, this study statistically analyzes the species composition and floristic distribution characteristics of national key protected wild plants in the reserve. The results show that: 1) The reserve harbors 54 national key protected wild plants species(including subspecies and varieties), belonging to 38 genera in 26 families. Among them, three species are under national first-level protection, distributed across three families and three genera; 51 species are under second-level protection,spanning 24 families and 35 genera. In terms of species richness, Orchidaceae is the most diverse family with 18 species; Cymbidium and Dendrobium are the most species-rich genera, containing seven and five species,respectively. 2) Floristic analysis reveals a high proportion of monotypic families and genera, complex distribution patterns, and a high level of endemism, reflecting both taxonomic diversity at the family and genus levels, as well as strong species-level endemism to China. At the family level, eight floristic distribution types are identified, including two families endemic to China; at the genus level, there are 11 distribution types, with seven genera endemic to China; at the species level, seven distribution types occur, and 31 species(57.41% of the total) are endemic to China. 3) Statistics on threatened status reveal a total of 30 threatened species,including 2 Critically Endangered(CR), 9 Endangered(EN), and 19 Vulnerable(VU). Furthermore, the species density of national key protected wild plants in the reserve is 0.4141 species/km~2. 4) Life-form analysis shows that herbaceous plants predominate, accounting for 53.70% of all protected species. Given the high ornamental and medicinal value of herbaceous taxa such as Orchidaceae, Paris, and Dendrobium, targeted conservation measures are urgently needed.更多还原