【摘要】 目的 探讨免疫调节组与对照组在术后感染病原菌清除、耐药性、免疫功能、炎症因子水平、术后住院时间及并发症发生率等方面的差异。方法 选取2020年1月-2025年1月本院接诊的80例胰腺癌患者分为免疫调节组和对照组各40例。免疫调节组采用特定的免疫调节治疗方案，对照组采用常规术后治疗方案。对比两组术后感染病原菌清除情况、病原菌感染耐药性、不同时间点免疫功能变化、炎症因子水平变化、术后住院时间及并发症发生率。结果 免疫调节组术后感染例数和病原菌种类显著低于对照组，病原菌平均清除时间明显短于对照组(P<0.05);两组在各类病原菌对不同药物的耐药率上差异不显著(P>0.05);免疫调节组术后3 d和7 d的CD4~+、CD8~+及CD4~+/CD8~+比值均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);免疫调节组炎症因子水平上升幅度相对较小，下降速度更快(P<0.05);免疫调节组术后住院时间显著短于对照组(P<0.05),并发症发生率低于对照组，但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 免疫调节措施在减少胰腺癌患者术后感染、缩短病原菌清除时间、改善免疫功能、调节炎症因子水平及缩短住院时间方面具有优势，虽在降低并发症发生率上未达显著差异，但仍有积极趋势。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the differences between the immunomodulatory group and the control group in postoperative infection pathogen clearance, drug resistance, immune function, levels of inflammatory factors, postoperative hospital stay and incidence of complications. Methods From January 2020 to January 2025,80 pancreatic cancer patients admitted to our hospital were selected and divided into an immunomodulatory group and a control group, with 40 cases in each group. The immunomodulatory group adopted a specific immunomodulatory treatment plan, while the control group adopted a conventional postoperative treatment plan. The clearance of pathogenic bacteria causing postoperative infection, drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria infection, changes in immune function at different time points, changes in inflammatory factor levels, postoperative hospital stay and incidence of complications were compared between the two groups. Results The number of postoperative infections and the types of pathogenic bacteria in the immunomodulatory group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the average clearance time of pathogenic bacteria was significantly shorter than that in the control group(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the resistance rates of various pathogenic bacteria to different drugs between the two groups(P>0.05). The CD4~+,CD8~+ and the ratio of CD4~+/CD8~+ in the immunomodulatory group at 3 days and 7 days after the operation were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). The increase in the levels of inflammatory factors in the immunomodulatory group was relatively small, but the decrease rate was faster(P<0.05). The postoperative hospital stay of the immunomodulation group was significantly shorter than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the incidence of complications was lower than that of the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05). Conclusion Immunomodulatory measures have advantages in reducing postoperative infections in pancreatic cancer patients, shortening the clearance time of pathogenic bacteria, improving immune function, regulating the levels of inflammatory factors and shortening hospital stays. Although there is no significant difference in reducing the incidence of complications, there is still a positive trend.更多还原