【摘要】 以4个小麦品种(系)为材料，采用KASP标记技术结合常规品质检测，解析小麦品质性状与抗病抗逆基因的遗传构成。品质分析表明，漯麦83达到中强筋小麦标准，其余材料均为中筋类型。KASP检测表明，在品质基因方面，4个品种(系)均含有硬质基因Pinb-D1b、优质亚基基因Ax1/Ax2*;漯麦83聚合Dx5+Dy10与Ax1/Ax2*优质亚基基因，阐释了其强筋表型的分子机理；面粉色泽方面，4个品种(系)均携带具有增白效应的高脂肪氧化酶活性基因Lox-B1a。在抗病抗逆性基因方面，抗穗发芽基因TaSdr-B1a在供试材料中分布频率达100%,抗叶锈病基因Lr16、木质素含量高的优异等位基因COMT-3Ba和抗穗发芽基因Rio Blanco type在4个品种(系)中的利用程度较高，抗条锈病基因Yr78,抗旱基因Westonia type、TaDreb-B1a利用程度较低；未检出抗叶锈病基因Lr46和Lr48、抗白粉病基因Pm21和抗赤霉病基因Fhb1。漯麦83含有2个位点的优质亚基基因(5+10)+Ax1/Ax2*,且品质检测结果为中强筋，同时聚合4个抗病抗逆基因，可作为小麦育种的优异亲本材料。更多还原

【Abstract】 Using 4 wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) varieties(lines) as materials, the KASP marker technology combined with conventional quality testing was employed to analyze the genetic composition of their quality traits and disease-resistance and stress-tolerance genes. The quality analysis indicated that Luomai83 met the standard of medium-strong gluten wheat, while the other materials were of medium-gluten type. The KASP test revealed that in terms of quality genes, all 4 varieties contained the hard type gene Pinb-D1b and the high-quality subunit gene Ax1/Ax2*. Luomai83 combined Dx5+Dy10 with the Ax1/Ax2* high-quality subunit gene, explaining the molecular mechanism of its strong gluten phenotype. In terms of flour color, all 4 varieties carried the gene Lox-B1a with the enhancing whitening effect of high-fat oxidation enzyme activity. In terms of disease-resistance and stress-tolerance genes, the anti-spike germination gene TaSdr-B1a was distributed at a frequency of 100% in the tested materials, while the anti-leaf rust gene Lr16, the excellent allele COMT-3Ba with high lignin content, and the anti-spike germination gene Rio Blanco type were utilized to a higher extent in the 4 varieties(lines), and the anti-barley yellow rust gene Yr78, the drought-resistant gene Westonia type and TaDreb-B1a were utilized to a lower extent; no anti-leaf rust genes Lr46 and Lr48, anti-powdery mildew genes Pm21, and anti-mold blight genes Fhb1 were detected. Luomai83 contained 2 loci of high-quality subunit genes(5+10)+Ax1/Ax2*, and the quality test results were medium-strong gluten, and it also combined 4 disease-resistance and stress-tolerance genes, which could be used as excellent parental materials for wheat breeding.更多还原