【摘要】 非正式绿地(informal green spaces,IGS)作为一种潜在的绿地资源，在居民日常生活和生态系统服务中发挥着独特作用。广泛分布于河流沿岸的历史码头与渡口，作为点状IGS的典型代表，通常占据优越的地理区位，却大多处于荒废的状态。为挖掘此类空间的游览潜力和利用价值，亟须对其进行系统性地分类和管理研究。以富春江中段(桐庐地区)的14个历史码头和渡口为研究对象，基于景观特征评估(landscape character assessment,LCA)方法，结合景观美学质量与景观视觉敏感度评价，系统构建涵盖“类型划分-多维评价-策略生成-信息综合”4个环节的研究框架。结果表明：1)14个历史码头和渡口分属4种景观特征类型(landscape character types, LCTs)，并针对不同类型提出相应的景观优化建议；2)结合多维评价结果，共划分出5种景观改进方向；3)结合景观优化建议和改进方向，为每一处历史码头与渡口提出具体的景观管理策略；4)基于上述结果，进一步为各案例点绘制包含类型归属、评价结果和管理策略的景观综合信息图。不仅为历史码头和渡口的分类和管理提供了系统性的分析框架，也为其他点状IGS的可持续利用提供了参考和借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 Informal green spaces(IGS), as a category of urban green areas resulting from a lack of systematic management or maintenance within the built environment, represent a potentially valuable green resource. They play a unique role in residents’ daily lives and the provision of ecosystem services. Historic piers and ferries, ubiquitous as point-shaped IGS along riverbanks, typically occupy advantageous geographical locations but are largely in a state of abandonment. To unlock the recreational potential and utilization value of these spaces, systematic research on their classification and management is urgently required. This study investigated 14 historic piers and ferries located in the middle section of Fuchun River(Tonglu area). Employing the Landscape Character Assessment(LCA) methodology, integrated with evaluations of landscape aesthetic quality and landscape visual sensitivity, a systematic research framework encompassing four interconnected stages-"typology classification, multi-dimensional evaluation, strategy generation, and information synthesis"-was constructed. The research objectives were twofold: firstly, to provide robust support for the revitalization of the Fuchun River water transport culture by exploring the utilization potential of its historic piers and ferries; secondly, to promote the optimization and sustainable development of urban green space systems by developing specific methodologies for the typology classification and management strategies of point-shaped IGS. Methodologically, the study followed and extended the basic process of LCA. Initially, in the "classification/description" phase, technical approaches such as parametric methods and automated delineation were applied to classify Landscape Character Types(LCTs) at both regional and site scales, enabling rapid categorization of the study objects. Subsequently, in the "evaluation/assessment" phase, a comprehensive multi-dimensional evaluation system was established, assessing both landscape aesthetic quality and landscape visual sensitivity. The research findings indicate that: 1) At the regional scale, the landscape of the Fuchun River basin could be classified into 10 LCTs. The 14 historic piers and ferries in the middle section(Tonglu area) fall into 4 LCTs, ranked by number as follows: Plain Construction Land Type, Plain Cultivated Land Type, Low Hilly Woodland Type, and Hilly Grassland Type. Corresponding landscape optimization suggestions were proposed based on the different LCTs. 2) The evaluation results for landscape aesthetic quality and landscape visual sensitivity of the 14 sites were each categorized into low, medium, and high grades. Spatial overlay analysis of these two results yielded 5 categories for landscape improvement direction: Priority Improvement, Improvement, Partial Improvement, Preservation, and Priority Protection. 3) By integrating the landscape optimization suggestions with the improvement directions, specific landscape management strategies were formulated for each historic pier and ferry. 4) Based on the aforementioned results, a comprehensive landscape information map, encompassing typology classification, evaluation outcomes, and management strategies, was generated for each case site. This provides a scientific basis and decision-making support for subsequent landscape planning, design, and management practices. The innovation of this study is primarily reflected in three aspects: 1) Introducing the classification methods from LCA into the categorization process of point-shaped IGS overcomes the limitations of traditional single-site analysis, significantly enhancing the classification efficiency and systematicness of scattered IGS. 2) By integrating LCT classification results with evaluations of landscape aesthetic quality and landscape visual sensitivity, a complete technical pathway-"Type Identification-Multi-dimensional Evaluation-Target Definition-Strategy Generation-Information Synthesis"-was established. This enables differentiated strategic responses for various LCTs under common management objectives. 3) Situating point-shaped historic piers and ferries within a broader consideration of LCT facilitates a paradigm shift in planning philosophy from "localized optimization" to "holistic enhancement". This study not only provides a systematic analytical framework for the classification and management of historic piers and ferries but also offers a reference for the sustainable utilization of other point-shaped IGS.更多还原