【摘要】 目的：探讨山东省青岛市居民不同膳食模式与高血压的联系，为居民膳食模式的改善与调整提供参考依据。方法：选择多阶段分层整群随机抽样法，将该市4个地区18岁及以上人群作为调查对象，通过称重记账法与回顾询问法对调味品与食物消费量进行了非连续3天24小时的调查，同时结合体格检查获得相关数据。采用主成分分析法提取膳食模式，通过Logistic回归分析膳食模式与高血压的关系。结果：研究共纳入1 960人，其中高血压患者为423例（21.6%），青岛市居民膳食模式有4种，即谷类豆制品模式、水产模式、蛋奶水果模式、肉食模式。其中肉食模式得分的Q2(OR=2.461,95%CI:1.337～4.530)、Q3(OR=4.127,95%CI:2.290～7.439)和Q4(OR=6.099,95%CI:3.399～10.945)水平、蛋奶水果模式得分的Q3(OR=0.600,95%CI:0.377～0.957)和Q4(OR=0.358,95%CI:0.214～0.599)水平、水产模式得分的Q4(OR=0.559,95%CI:0.340～0.918)水平均与高血压患病存在关联（P<0.05）。结论：青岛市居民不同膳食模式与高血压患病存在关联，肉食膳食模式是高血压的危险因素，而蛋奶水果模式和水产模式为高血压的保护因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】 To explore the relationship between different dietary patterns and hypertension among residents of Qingdao city to provide a reference for improving and adjusting dietary habits.【Method】 A multistage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select individuals aged 18 years and above from four regions of the city as subjects. The consumption of condiments and food was surveyed using a weighing diary method and retrospective inquiry method over a non-continuous 3-day 24-hour period, and relevant data were obtained through physical examinations. Principal component analysis was used to extract dietary patterns, and Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and hypertension.【Result】 A total of 1 960 people were surveyed, including 423 cases(21.6%) of hypertension patients. The dietary patterns of Qingdao residents were categorized into four types including the cereal and bean products pattern, the aquatic pattern, the egg milk fruit pattern, and the meat pattern. Among these, The levels of Q2(OR=2.461,95% CI: 1.337—4.530), Q3(OR=4.127,95% CI: 2.290—7.439) and Q4(OR= 6.099,95% CI: 3.399—10.945) in the meat consumption pattern, Q3(OR=0.600,95% CI: 0.377—0.957) and Q4(OR=0.358,95% CI: 0.214—0.599) in the egg-milk-fruit pattern, and Q4(OR=0.559,95% CI: 0.340—0.918) in the aquatic consumption pattern were all associated with hypertension(P<0.05).【Conclusion】 There is a correlation between different dietary patterns and hypertension in Qingdao residents. The meat diet pattern is a risk factor for hypertension, while the egg and milk fruit pattern and aquatic diet pattern are protective factors for hypertension.更多还原