【摘要】 目的 分析中国结直肠癌手术病例登记数据库（CCCD）自2020年1月升级后纳入的前瞻性登记数据，特别关注直肠癌MRI检查率及新辅助治疗比例等规范化诊治的关键指标，为国内结直肠癌外科治疗策略制定和临床实践提供循证医学证据。方法 前瞻性纳入2020年1月至2025年9月期间CCCD收集的结直肠癌手术病人临床病理学资料，标准化整理后分析其临床特征、外科诊疗方案及术后短期结局。结果 CCCD更新后，共纳入86个医学中心的结直肠癌手术病例19 806例，其中36.0%的病例来自地市级医院。结直肠癌手术病人中，直肠癌（50.2%）比例稍高于结肠癌（49.8%），中、低位直肠癌占所有直肠癌的70.9%。直肠癌病人术前MRI检查及格式化报告的填报率为73.9%。结直肠癌病人术前行新辅助治疗占10.5%，其中结肠癌新辅助治疗占6.7%，直肠癌新辅助治疗占16.0%，中低位直肠癌中16.6%行新辅助治疗。腹腔镜手术占88.7%，其中完全腹腔镜下结直肠手术占48.5%。手术根治性方面，R0手术切除占96.2%，而R2手术切除占2.9%。总体术后并发症发生率为8.4%，吻合口漏是术后最常见的并发症，发生率为2.0%，中低位直肠癌术后吻合口漏发生率为2.9%，其余部位（上段直肠癌及结肠癌）手术后吻合口漏发生率为1.7%。结论 CCCD前瞻性登记研究结果表明，近年来中国结直肠癌手术病人的基线情况、外科诊疗模式呈现动态变化，规范化诊断和治疗程度在提升。未来应重点关注标准化诊疗流程的推广普及及地市级医院诊疗能力提升，进一步优化随访数据采集机制。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the nationwide prospective registry data included in the China Colorectal Cancer Surgery Database(CCCD) after its upgrade in January 2020, with a particular focus on key indicators such as the MRI examination rate for rectal cancer and the proportion of neoadjuvant therapy, aiming to provide evidence-based medicine support for formulating domestic colorectal surgery treatment strategies and clinical practice. Methods The clinical and pathological data of colorectal cancer surgery patients collected in the CCCD database from January 2020 to September 2025 were included. After standardized collation, a comprehensive analysis of their clinical characteristics, surgical treatment plans, and short-term outcomes was conducted. Results The latest database update included 19,806 colorectal cancer cases from 86 centers, with a participation rate of 36.0% for municipal hospitals. Among colorectal cancer patients, the proportion of rectal cancer(50.2%) was higher than that of colon cancer(49.8%), Nearly 70.9% of rectal cancers were mid-low rectal cancers. The preoperative MRI examination of rectal cancer patients had a “DISTANCE” formatted reporting rate of 73.9%. Of all the colorectal cancer patients, 10.5% received neoadjuvant therapy preoperatively, with specific rates of 6.7% for colon cancer and 16.0% for rectal cancer. Notably, approximately 16.6% of patients with mid-low rectal cancer underwent neoadjuvant treatment. Additionally, the utilization rate of laparoscopic surgery reached 88.7%, among which total laparoscopic colorectal surgeries accounted for 48.5%. In terms of radical surgery, the R0 resection rate was 96.2%, while the R2 resection rate was 2.9%. The overall postoperative complication rate was 8.40%. Anastomotic leakage was identified as the most common major complication, with an incidence of 2.0%. Specifically, the leakage rate following mid-low rectal cancer surgery was 2.9%, whereas the rate for other sites(upper rectal cancer and colon cancer) was 1.7%. Conclusion The latest results from the CCCD database analysis indicate dynamic changes in the baseline situation and surgical treatment patterns of colorectal cancer in China in recent years, with an ongoing improvement in the level of standardized diagnosis and treatment. In the future, attention should be focused on the construction of multi-center standardized treatment protocols and the improvement of diagnostic and treatment capabilities in municipal hospitals, as well as further optimizing the follow-up data collection mechanism.更多还原