【摘要】 【目的】叶片是水稻最重要的光合作用器官。筛选和鉴定水稻叶色突变体，有利于探究叶绿体发育与光合作用的分子调控机制。【方法】在金粳818背景的基因编辑后代中获得一个黄叶转绿突变体818-6-8，并对其进行表型鉴定、遗传分析、基因定位和转录组分析。【结果】与野生型相比，突变体三叶期前叶片明显黄化，并伴随叶绿素含量显著降低；第4叶开始，突变体开始转绿并逐渐表现为与野生型无异。突变体中叶绿体数量较少、类囊体形态和基粒片层结构异常。818-6-8黄叶性状受1对隐性核基因控制。突变位点被定位于5号染色体2.29 Mb的区间内，分析并筛选得到20个候选基因。突变体中2090个基因表达量发生显著改变，其中1343个上调，747个下调；差异表达基因显著富集在叶绿体组织等生物学过程、叶绿体等细胞组分。突变体中多个叶绿素合成和叶绿体发育相关基因表达发生改变。【结论】本研究完成了突变体818-6-8的目标基因定位与转录组分析，为下一步目标基因克隆和叶绿体发育分子调控机理解析提供支持，为景观稻育种提供优异种质资源。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】Leaf is the most important photosynthetic organ in rice. Screening and identification of rice leaf color mutants are beneficial for exploring the molecular regulatory mechanisms of chloroplast development and photosynthesis. 【Method】A green-revertible yellow leaf mutant 818-6-8 was obtained from the gene-editing lines of Jingeng 818. Phenotypic identification, genetic analysis, gene mapping, and transcriptome analysis for 818-6-8 were performed. 【Results】Compared with the wild type, the mutant showed an obvious yellow-leaf phenotype until the three-leaf stage, accompanied by a significant decrease in chlorophyll content. As it grew, the mutant turned green and gradually became indistinguishable from the wild type at the four-leaf stage. Fewer chloroplasts, abnormal thylakoid morphology and stromal lamellas structure were observed in the mutant. The yellow-leaf trait of 818-6-8 was controlled by a pair of recessive nuclear alleles. The target mutation site was located within a 2.29 Mb interval on chromosome 5, and 20 annotated candidate genes were listed. The expression levels of 2090 genes in the mutant were significantly changed compared to the wild type, of which 1343 genes were up-regulated and 747 genes were down-regulated. Further, the differentially expressed genes were enriched in biological processes such as chloroplast organization and cellular components such as chloroplasts. The expression of genes associated with chlorophyll biosynthesis and chloroplast development of 818-6-8 changed significantly. 【Conclusion】These results support the next studies for cloning target genes and analyzing chloroplast-development molecular mechanisms, and provide a germplasm resource for ornamental rice breeding.更多还原