【摘要】 医用机器人在脑内病变活检术中的应用日益广泛，其精准定位、微创操作及高效规划等优势显著提升了手术安全性和诊断准确率。本文综述了机器人辅助脑内病变活检术的发展历程、技术特点、临床应用现状及核心优势，包括无框架注册、亚毫米级精度、多模态影像融合及快速路径规划。荟萃分析显示机器人辅助活检术诊断准确率达98%，平均靶点误差1.08 mm，并发症发生率较低。同时，本文分析了当前机器人系统在触觉反馈、脑组织形变补偿、设备成本及基层普及等方面的挑战。未来，结合人工智能、5G远程操控、新型材料及MRI兼容技术，机器人辅助活检术将推动神经外科向更精准、更智能、更低风险的方向发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 The application of medical robots in intracerebral lesion biopsy is expanding, offering significant advantages in precise positioning, minimally invasive operation, and efficient surgical planning, thereby improving safety and diagnostic accuracy. This review summarizes the development history, technical features, clinical applications, and core advantages of robot-assisted intracerebral lesion biopsy, including frameless registration, sub-millimeter precision, multimodal image fusion, and rapid trajectory planning. Meta-analysis shows a diagnostic yield of 98%, mean target error of 1.08 mm, and low complication rates. Current challenges such as haptic feedback, brain tissue deformation compensation, high equipment costs, and limited accessibility in primary hospitals are also discussed. In the future, integrating artificial intelligence, 5G teleoperation, novel materials, and MRI-compatible technologies will drive neurosurgery toward higher precision, intelligence, and lower risks.更多还原