【摘要】 目的 探讨脑静脉血管畸形的临床特点、影像学表现、治疗方法及其常见合并病变的处理。方法 回顾性分析1980年1月至2022年12月收治的25例脑静脉血管畸形患者的临床资料，总结其临床表现、影像学特征、治疗方式及预后。结果 25例中，男性14例，女性11例；年龄3～75(35.3±20.1)岁，其中40岁以下占52.0%。头痛18例，肢体运动功能障碍14例，恶心呕吐11例，头晕5例，昏迷4例，视盘水肿3例，听力丧失2例，病理征（+）2例，面部色素斑1例。18例出现颅内出血，包括脑实质出血、蛛网膜下腔出血及脑室出血。所有患者均经DSA确诊，典型影像表现为“水母头征”。治疗方式包括保守治疗6例，手术治疗19例；手术主要为清除血肿或切除畸形血管。术后随访显示，23例恢复良好，1例昏迷，1例死亡。结论 脑静脉血管畸形是脑血管畸形中最常见的类型，但临床症状不典型，易被漏诊或误诊。DSA是诊断的金标准，典型影像表现为“水母头征”。根据患者具体情况个体化选择治疗方法，对于出血量大、占位效应明显或进行性神经功能缺损者，应积极手术治疗，术中应注意保护引流静脉，以避免严重的并发症。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics, imaging manifestations, treatment methods, and management of commonly associated lesions in cerebral venous malformations. Methods The clinical data of 25 patients with cerebral venous malformations admitted from 1980 to 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Headache was present in 18 cases, limb motor dysfunction in 14 cases, nausea and vomiting in 11 cases, dizziness in 5 cases, coma in 4 cases, papilledema in 3 cases, hearing loss in 2 cases, positive pathological signs in 2 cases, and facial pigmented spots in 1 case. Eighteen cases presented with intracranial hemorrhage, including intracerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and intraventricular hemorrhage. All patients were confirmed by digital subtraction angiography(DSA), with the typical imaging feature being the "caput medusae" sign. Treatment modalities included conservative management in 6 cases and surgical intervention in 19 cases, primarily involving hematoma evacuation and resection of the malformed vessels. Postoperative follow-up showed favorable recovery in 23 cases, while 1 patient remained in a coma and 1 patient died. Conclusion Cerebral venous malformation is the most common type of cerebrovascular malformation, but its clinical symptoms are atypical, making it prone to missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis. DSA is the gold standard for diagnosis, with the typical imaging feature being the "caput medusae" sign. Individualized treatment should be chosen based on the patient’s specific condition. For patients with significant hemorrhage, obvious mass effect, or progressive neurological deficits, active surgical intervention is recommended. During surgery, care should be taken to protect the draining veins to avoid serious complications.更多还原