【摘要】 目的 了解《遏制结核病行动计划(2019—2022年)》实施以来山西省公众结核病防治核心信息知晓现状及其影响因素,分析新时代公众结核病健康教育的需求,为进一步科学制定工作策略和措施提供依据。方法 采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,11市共抽取12个调查点,以15岁及以上常住居民为调查对象,采用统一调查问卷进行面对面询问式调查,共调查1201名,收回有效问卷1201份。利用SPSS 27.0统计分析软件,进行数据的描述性统计分析、χ~2检验以及多因素二元Logistic回归分析,以P <0.05为差异具有统计学意义。结果 5条核心信息的全部知晓率为57.12%(686/1201);总知晓率为84.48%(5073/6005);“疾病特征”“传播途径”“可疑症状”“预防措施”“能否治愈”单条核心信息知晓率分别为71.52%(859/1201)、95.67%(1149/1201)、94.34%(1133/1201)、83.93%(1008/1201)和76.94%(924/1201)。不同人口学特征5条核心信息的全部知晓率比较,较高的组别为45～<60岁年龄组62.50%、大学专科及以上人群70.41%、机关/事业单位人群72.41%;较低的组别为离退休人群16.30%及60岁及以上年龄组49.88%。结论在2022年,山西省民众对于结核病防治核心信息的知晓程度,未能实现《遏制结核病行动计划(2019—2022年)》中设定的85%的目标值,今后应针对不同人群采取有效的健康教育措施,将核心信息精准地传达到目标人群,尤其是知晓率较低的老年人群和离退休人群。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the current situation of awareness of core knowledge of tuberculosis(TB)prevention and treatment and its influencing factors among residents in Shanxi Province after the implementation of the " Action Plan for Tuberculosis Prevention and Control(2019-2022) ",to analyze the needs of public health education on TB in the new era,and to provide a basis for further scientific development of TB prevention and treatment strategies and measures.Methods Residents aged≥15 years from 12 survey spots in Shanxi Province were selected using multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method.A total of 1201 residents were investigated,and 1201 valid questionnaires were collected.Descriptive analysis,χ~2 tests,and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis were performed using the SPSS 27.0statistical software,P <0.05 was considered to indicate statistically significant differences.Results The full awareness rate of five core messages for preventing and managing tuberculosis was 57.12%(686/1201),and the overall awareness rate was 84.48%(5073/6005).The awareness rates of TB about "disease characteristics", " route of transmission", " suspicious symptoms", "prevention measures" and " whether could be cured" were 71.52%(859/1201),95.67%(1149/1201),and 76.94%(924/1201),respectively.Comparison of the awareness rates of different demographic characteristics,the higher groups were found in residents aged 45-<60 years old(62.50%),college degree(70.41%),and government/institutional sector(72.41%),and lower awareness groups were found in residents aged above 60 years old(49.88%) and retired population(16.30%).Conclusion In 2022,the awareness rate of core information on preventing and controlling TB among the public in Shanxi Province did not reach the target of 85 % set by the " Action Plan for Tuberculosis Prevention and Control(2019-2022) ".In the future,effective health education measures should be taken for different population groups to accurately convey the core messages to the target audience,especially the elderly and retired populations with lower awareness rates.更多还原