【摘要】 品种是推动苹果产业高质量发展的第一要素。解读了生物技术在三类苹果品种选育中的应用。第一类是苹果红色芽变新品种龙富和元富红，其遗传变异是来自体细胞的自然突变及其基因修饰，是对果皮红色等个别性状持续改良的新品种；第二类是苹果新品种翠香，其遗传变异是来自体细胞的基因变异，是部分性状变异的新品种；第三类是红肉苹果新品种美红，其遗传变异是来自体细胞的杂交分离及其基因重组，是全部性状变异的新品种。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cultivar improvement is the primary driver for promoting the high-quality development of the apple industry. This article explains the application of biotechnology in breeding three types of apple cultivars. The first type includes the new red bud mutation cultivars, ‘Longfu’ and ‘Yuanfuhong’, whose genetic variations arise from somatic natural mutations and gene modification, representing continuous improvement in specific traits such as red peel color. The second type is the new apple cultivar ‘Cuixiang’, whose genetic variation results from somatic gene variations, leading to changes in partial traits. The third type is the new red-fleshed apple cultivar ‘Meihong’, whose genetic variation originates from hybridization and genetic recombination of sexual cells, resulting in comprehensive trait variation.更多还原