【摘要】 为明确免套袋栽培苹果园中2种蛀果食心虫的危害及有效防治措施，调查了未进行害虫防治的免套袋栽培苹果园不同苹果品种果实食心虫的危害情况，并评估了桃小食心虫（Carposina sasakii）的防治效果。结果表明，在免套袋栽培苹果园中，桃小食心虫和梨小食心虫（Grapholita molesta）危害严重，梨小食心虫为害率显著高于桃小食心虫。桃小食心虫和梨小食心虫共同为害的果实比率在22.50%～100.00%，其中，桃小食心虫为害率在2.50%～46.15%，梨小食心虫为害率在12.50%～64.71%；不同苹果品种食心虫总为害率差异较大，其中，维纳斯黄金最高，为98.04%；华瑞最低，为30.83%。在幼虫孵化初期和盛期施药2次的防效为98.22%，显著高于成虫产卵初期防治1次的防效（83.93%）。因此，在免套袋栽培苹果园应同时加强梨小食心虫和桃小食心虫的监测与防治，在幼虫孵化初期和盛期2次施药防治，即在连续7 d诱集到成虫开始施药，间隔10 d再次施药，防治效果最佳。更多还原

【Abstract】 To investigate the harm status of two borer insects, as well as the control efficacy in bag-free cultivated apple orchards, a survey was conducted on borer damage across different apple varieties in orchards without pest control measures. The results showed that both Carposina sasakii and Grapholita molesta were prevalent in modern apple orchards without bagging, with G. molesta causing more damage than C. sasakii. The overall fruit damage rate caused by C. sasakii and G. molesta ranged from 22.50% to 100.00%, with C. sasakii accounting for2.50% to 46.15% and G. molesta contributing 12.50% to 64.71%. Significant differences in damage rates were observed among apple varieties. The highest damage rate of 98.04% was recorded in ‘Weinasihuangjin’, while the lowest damage rate of 30.83% was found in ‘Huarui’. Spraying twice-once at the early stage of larval hatching and again at the peak period of larval hatching-achieved a control efficacy of 98.22%. It was significantly more effective than the single application at the early stage of oviposition(83.93%). Therefore, in orchards without bagging, it is essential to strengthen the monitoring and control of both borer species to ensure fruit quality and safety. It is advisable to apply pesticides twice-once at the early stage of larval hatching and again at the peak period of larval hatching. That is, starting to apply pesticides after continuously trapping adults for 7 days and reapplying after an interval of 10 days can achieve better control effects and benefits.更多还原